The prevalence of the duodenal ulcer promoting gene (dupA) in Helicobacter pylori isolates varies by ethnic group and is not universally associated with disease development: a case-control study

Table 2 Comparison of dupA prevalence between ethnic groups and countries.

	Ethnicity/Country	Australian	Chinese				Indian	Malay	Swedish
	Diagnosis	FD	FD	DU	GC	FD	FD	FD	DU	GC
Ethnicity	Diagnosis	Prevalence (%)	37.4	28.9	62.5	54.6	7.1	37.7	65.0	63.6	61.9
Australian	FD (n = 45)	37.4	P = 1.000	P = 0.237			P < 0.001	P = 1.000	P = 0.060
Chinese	FD (n = 52)	28.9	P = 0.237	P = 1.000	P = 0.015	P = 0.032	P = 0.025	P = 0.052	P = 0.005
	DU (n = 16)	62.5		P = 0.015	P = 1.000	P = 0.744				P = 1.000
	GC (n = 22)	54.6		P = 0.032	P = 0.744	P = 1.000					P = 0.760
Indian	FD (n = 42)	7.1	P < 0.001	P = 0.025			P = 1.000	P = 0.018	P < 0.001
Malay	FD (n = 14)	37.7	P = 1.000	P = 0.052			P = 0.018	P = 1.000	P = 0.163
Swedish	FD (n = 20)	65.0	P = 0.060	P = 0.005			P < 0.001	P = 0.163	P = 1.000	P = 1.000	P = 1.000
	DU (n = 11)	63.6			P = 1.000				P = 1.000	P = 1.000	P = 1.000
	GC (n = 21)	61.9				P = 0.760			P = 1.000	P = 1.000	P = 1.000

Comparison of the prevalence of dupA-positive clinical isolates as determined by PCR between FD (functional dyspepsia), DU (duodenal ulcer) and GC (gastric cancer) patients from Australia, Sweden and the 3 primary ethnic groups of Malaysia and Singapore (Chinese, Indian and Malay). The statistical significance (P-values) of each valid comparison is displayed.

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