TY - JOUR PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 14 sites, united states, 2008 JO - MMWR Surveill Summ VL - 61 ID - ref1 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cody, H. AU - Pelphrey, K. AU - Piven, J. PY - 2002 DA - 2002// TI - Structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging of autism JO - Int J Dev Neurosci VL - 20 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0736-5748(02)00053-9 DO - 10.1016/S0736-5748(02)00053-9 ID - Cody2002 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Courchesne, E. AU - Pierce, K. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Brain overgrowth in autism during a critical time in development: implications for frontal pyramidal neuron and interneuron development and connectivity JO - Int J Dev Neurosci VL - 23 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2005.01.003 DO - 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2005.01.003 ID - Courchesne2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bauman, M. L. AU - Kemper, T. L. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Neuroanatomic observations of the brain in autism: a review and future directions JO - Int J Dev Neurosci VL - 23 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2004.09.006 DO - 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2004.09.006 ID - Bauman2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Connolly, A. M. AU - Chez, M. AU - Streif, E. M. AU - Keeling, R. M. AU - Golumbek, P. T. AU - Kwon, J. M. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Brain-derived Neurotrophic factor and autoantibodies to neural antigens in sera of children with autistic spectrum disorders, landau-kleffner syndrome, and epilepsy JO - Biol Psychiatry VL - 59 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.07.004 DO - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.07.004 ID - Connolly2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Araghi-Niknam, M. AU - Fatemi, S. H. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - Levels of Bcl-2 and P53 are altered in superior frontal and cerebella cortices of autistic subjects JO - Cell Mol Neurobiol VL - 23 UR - https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CEMN.0000005322.27203.73 DO - 10.1023/B:CEMN.0000005322.27203.73 ID - Araghi-Niknam2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Palomo, T. AU - Beninger, R. J. AU - Kostrzewa, R. M. AU - Archer, T. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - Brain sites of movement disorder: genetic and environmental agents in neuro developmental perturbations JO - Neurotox Res VL - 5 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03033369 DO - 10.1007/BF03033369 ID - Palomo2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Finegold, S. M. AU - Dowd, S. E. AU - Gontcharova, V. AU - Liu, C. AU - Henley, K. E. AU - Wolcott, R. D. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Pyrosequencing study of fecal microflora of autistic and control children JO - Anaerobe VL - 16 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2010.06.008 DO - 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2010.06.008 ID - Finegold2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Finegold, S. M. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Therapy and epidemiology of autism-clostridial spores as key elements JO - Medical Hypotheses VL - 70 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2007.07.019 DO - 10.1016/j.mehy.2007.07.019 ID - Finegold2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MacFabe, D. F. AU - Cain, D. P. AU - Rodriguez-Capote, K. AU - Franklin, A. E. AU - Hoffman, J. E. AU - Boon, F. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Neurobiological effects of intraventricular propionic acid in rats: possible role of short chain fatty acids on the pathogenesis and characteristics o autism spectrum disorders JO - Behav Brain Res VL - 176 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2006.07.025 DO - 10.1016/j.bbr.2006.07.025 ID - MacFabe2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shultz, S. R. AU - MacFabe, D. F. AU - Ossenkopp, K. P. AU - Scratch, S. AU - Whelan, J. AU - Taylor, R. AU - Cain, D. P. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Intra cerebroventricular injection of propionic acid, an enteric bacterial metabolic end product, impairs social behavior in the rat: implications for an animal model of autism JO - Neuropharmacology VL - 54 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.01.013 DO - 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.01.013 ID - Shultz2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Elsden, S. R. AU - Hilton, M. G. PY - 1978 DA - 1978// TI - Volatile acid production from threonine, valine, leucine and isoleucine by clostridia JO - Arch Microbiol VL - 117 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00402304 DO - 10.1007/BF00402304 ID - Elsden1978 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Michelle, M. AU - Susan, S. AU - Stuart, J. AU - Dale, N. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - Susceptibility of hamsters to human pathogenic clostridium difficile strainB1 following clindamycin, ampicillin or Ceftriaxone administration JO - Anaerobe VL - 9 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1075-9964(03)00063-5 DO - 10.1016/S1075-9964(03)00063-5 ID - Michelle2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MacFabe, D. F. AU - Cain, N. E. AU - Boon, F. AU - Ossenkopp, K. P. AU - Cain, D. P. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Effects of the enteric bacterial metabolic product propionic acid on object-directed behavior, social behavior, cognition, and neuroinflammation in adolescent rats: relevance to autism spectrum disorder JO - Behav Brain Res VL - 217 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2010.10.005 DO - 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.10.005 ID - MacFabe2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wyatt, I. AU - Farnworth, M. AU - Gyte, A. J. AU - Lock, E. A. PY - 1997 DA - 1997// TI - L-2-chloropropionic acid metabolism and disposition in male rats: relevance to cerebellar injury JO - Arch Toxicol VL - 71 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s002040050443 DO - 10.1007/s002040050443 ID - Wyatt1997 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Singh, N. P. AU - McCoy, M. T. AU - Tice, R. R. AU - Schneider, E. L. PY - 1988 DA - 1988// TI - A simple technique for quantification of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells JO - Exp Cell Res VL - 175 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4827(88)90265-0 DO - 10.1016/0014-4827(88)90265-0 ID - Singh1988 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Itoh, K. AU - Mitsuoka, T. AU - Sudo, K. AU - Suzuki, K. PY - 1983 DA - 1983// TI - Comparison of fecal flora of mice based upon different strains and different housing conditions JO - Zeitschrift fur Versuchstierkunde VL - 25 ID - Itoh1983 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mitsuoka, T. AU - Terada, A. AU - Morishita, Y. PY - 1973 DA - 1973// TI - Die darmflora von mensch und tier JO - Goldschmidt Informiert VL - 73 ID - Mitsuoka1973 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Holdeman, L. V. AU - Cato, E. P. AU - Moore, W. E. PY - 1977 DA - 1977// TI - Anaerobe laboratory manual PB - Blacksburg CY - Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University ID - Holdeman1977 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ley, R. E. AU - Turnbaugh, P. J. AU - Klein, S. AU - Gordon, J. I. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Microbial ecology: human gut microbes associated with obesity JO - Nature VL - 444 UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/4441022a DO - 10.1038/4441022a ID - Ley2006 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kalliomäki, M. AU - Collado, M. C. AU - Salminen, S. AU - Isolauri, E. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Early differences in fecal microbiota composition in children may predict overweight JO - Am J Clin Nutr VL - 87 ID - Kalliomäki2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Collado, M. C. AU - Isolauri, E. AU - Laitinen, K. AU - Salminen, S. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Effect of mother’s weight on infant’s microbiota acquisition, composition, and activity during early infancy: a prospective follow-up study initiated in early pregnancy JO - Am J Clin Nutr VL - 92 UR - https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2010.29877 DO - 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29877 ID - Collado2010 ER - TY - CHAP AU - El-Ansary, A. AU - Ben Bacha, A. AU - Kotb, M. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Etiology of autistic features: the persisting neurotoxic effects of propionic acid BT - J Neuroinflammation ID - El-Ansary2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Adams, J. B. AU - Holloway, C. E. AU - George, F. AU - Quig, D. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Analyses of toxic metals and essential minerals in the hair of Arizona children with autism and their mothers JO - Biol Tr El Res VL - 110 UR - https://doi.org/10.1385/BTER:110:3:193 DO - 10.1385/BTER:110:3:193 ID - Adams2006 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Adams, J. B. AU - Romdalvik, J. AU - Ramanujam, V. M. AU - Legator, M. S. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Mercury, lead, and zinc in baby teeth of children with autism vs controls JO - J Toxicol Environ Health VL - 70 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/15287390601172080 DO - 10.1080/15287390601172080 ID - Adams2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Adams, J. B. AU - Romdalvik, J. AU - Levine, K. E. AU - Hu, L. -. W. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Mercury in first-Cut baby hair of children with autism vs typically-developing children JO - Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry VL - 90 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/02772240701699294 DO - 10.1080/02772240701699294 ID - Adams2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Niehus, R. AU - Lord, C. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Early medical history of children with autism spectrum disorders JO - J Dev Behav Pediatr VL - 27 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/00004703-200604002-00010 DO - 10.1097/00004703-200604002-00010 ID - Niehus2006 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buffie, C. G. AU - Jarchum, I. AU - Equinda, M. AU - Lipuma, L. AU - Gobourne, A. AU - Viale, A. AU - Ubeda, C. AU - Xavier, J. AU - Pamer, E. G. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Clindamycin results in sustained susceptibility to clostridium difficile-induced colitis JO - Infect Immun VL - 80 UR - https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.05496-11 DO - 10.1128/IAI.05496-11 ID - Buffie2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Al-Mosalem, O. A. AU - El-Ansary, A. AU - Attas, O. AU - Al-Ayadhi, L. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Metabolic biomarkers related to energy metabolism in Saudi autistic children JO - Clin Biochem VL - 42 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.04.006 DO - 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.04.006 ID - Al-Mosalem2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Parracho, H. M. AU - Bingham, M. O. AU - Gibson, G. R. AU - McCartney, A. L. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Differences between the gut microflora of children with autistic spectrum disorders and that of healthy children JO - J Med Microbiol VL - 54 UR - https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.46101-0 DO - 10.1099/jmm.0.46101-0 ID - Parracho2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aitken, J. R. AU - Gordon, E. AU - Harkiss, D. AU - Twigg, J. P. AU - Milne, P. AU - Zo Irvine, D. S. PY - 1998 DA - 1998// TI - Relative impact of oxidation stress on the functional competence and genomic integrity of human spermatozoa JO - Biol Reprod VL - 59 UR - https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod59.5.1037 DO - 10.1095/biolreprod59.5.1037 ID - Aitken1998 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Donnelly, E. T. AU - Mc Clure, N. AU - Lewis, S. E. M. PY - 2000 DA - 2000// TI - Cryopreservation of human semen and preparation of sperm: effects on motility parameters and DNA integrity JO - Fertil Steril VL - 76 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(01)02834-5 DO - 10.1016/S0015-0282(01)02834-5 ID - Donnelly2000 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ribas, G. S. AU - Manfredini, V. AU - de Marco, M. G. AU - Vieira, R. B. AU - Wayhs, C. Y. AU - Vanzin, C. S. AU - Biancini, G. B. AU - Wajner, M. AU - Vargas, C. R. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Prevention by L-carnitine of DNA damage induced by propionic and L-methylmalonic acids in human peripheral leukocytes in vitro JO - Mutat Res VL - 702 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.07.008 DO - 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.07.008 ID - Ribas2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Thangasamy, T. AU - Jeyakumar, P. AU - Sittadjody, S. AU - Joyee, A. G. AU - Chinnakannu, P. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - L-carnitine mediates protection against DNA damage in lymphocytes of aged rats JO - Biogerontology VL - 10 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-008-9159-1 DO - 10.1007/s10522-008-9159-1 ID - Thangasamy2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Boldyrev, A. A. AU - Dupin, A. M. AU - Pindel, E. V. AU - Severin, S. E. PY - 1988 DA - 1988// TI - Antioxidative properties of histidine-containing dipeptides from skeletal muscles of vertebrates JO - Comp Biochem Physiol B VL - 89 ID - Boldyrev1988 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kohen, R. AU - Yamamoto, Y. AU - Cundy, K. C. AU - Ames, B. N. PY - 1988 DA - 1988// TI - Antioxidant activity of carnosine, homocarnosine, and anserine present in muscle and brain JO - Proc Natl Acad Sci USA VL - 85 UR - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.85.9.3175 DO - 10.1073/pnas.85.9.3175 ID - Kohen1988 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hipkiss, A. R. AU - Michaelis, J. AU - Syrris, P. PY - 1995 DA - 1995// TI - Non-enzymatic glycosylation of the dipeptide l-carnosine, a potential anti-protein-cross-linking agent JO - FEBS Lett VL - 371 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(95)00849-5 DO - 10.1016/0014-5793(95)00849-5 ID - Hipkiss1995 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Decker, E. A. AU - Livisay, S. A. AU - Zhou, S. PY - 2000 DA - 2000// TI - A re-evaluation of the antioxidant activity of purified carnosine JO - Biochemistry (Moscow) VL - 65 ID - Decker2000 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kang, J. H. AU - Kim, K. S. AU - Choi, S. Y. AU - Kwon, H. Y. AU - Won, M. H. AU - Kang, T. C. PY - 2002 DA - 2002// TI - Carnosine and related dipeptides protect human ceruloplasmin against peroxyl radical mediated modification JO - Mol Cells VL - 13 ID - Kang2002 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rajanikant, G. K. AU - Zemke, D. AU - Senut, M. C. AU - Frenkel, M. B. AU - Chen, A. F. AU - Gupta, R. AU - Majid, A. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Carnosine is neuroprotective against permanent focal cerebral ischemiain mice JO - Stroke VL - 38 UR - https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.488502 DO - 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.488502 ID - Rajanikant2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Babizhayev, M. A. AU - Seguin, M. C. AU - Gueyne, J. AU - Evstigneeva, R. P. AU - Ageyeva, E. A. AU - Zheltukhina, G. A. PY - 1994 DA - 1994// TI - L-carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) and carcinine (betaalanylhistamine) act as natural antioxidants with hydroxyl-radical-scavenging and lipidperoxidase activities JO - Biochem J VL - 304 UR - https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3040509 DO - 10.1042/bj3040509 ID - Babizhayev1994 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cheng, J. AU - Wang, F. AU - Yu, D. F. AU - Wu, P. F. AU - Chen, J. G. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - The cytotoxic mechanism of malondialdehyde and protective effect of carnosine via protein cross linking/mitochondrial dysfunction/reactive oxygen species JO - MAPK pathway in neurons European Journal of Pharmacology VL - 650 ID - Cheng2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Klewicka, E. AU - Zdun´ czyk, Z. AU - Ju´skiewicz, J. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Effect of lactobacillus fermented beetroot juice on composition and activity of cecal microflora of rats JO - Eur. Food Res. Technol VL - 229 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-009-1036-x DO - 10.1007/s00217-009-1036-x ID - Klewicka2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dias, C. M. AU - Vieiralves, F. L. AU - Gomes, M. I. F. V. AU - Salvadori, D. M. F. AU - Rodrigues, M. A. M. AU - Barbisan, L. F. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Effect of lycopene,symbiotic and their association on early biomarkers of rat colon carcinogens JO - Food Chem. Toxycol VL - 48 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2009.12.003 DO - 10.1016/j.fct.2009.12.003 ID - Dias2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Finegold, S. AU - Downes, J. AU - Summanen, P. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Microbiology of regressive autism JO - Anaerobe VL - 18 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2011.12.018 DO - 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2011.12.018 ID - Finegold2012 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Hudson, M. J. AU - Marsh, P. D. ED - Gibson, G. R. ED - Macfarlane, G. T. PY - 1995 DA - 1995// TI - Carbohydrate metabolism in the colon BT - Human colonic bacteria: role in nutrition, physiology, and pathology PB - CRC Press CY - Boca Raton, FL ID - Hudson1995 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gotschall, E. PY - 2004 DA - 2004// TI - Digestion-gut-autism connection: the specific carbohydrate diet JO - Medical Veritas VL - 1 UR - https://doi.org/10.1588/medver.2004.01.00029 DO - 10.1588/medver.2004.01.00029 ID - Gotschall2004 ER -