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Fig. 1 | Gut Pathogens

Fig. 1

From: De Novo sphingolipid synthesis is essential for Salmonella-induced autophagy and human beta-defensin 2 expression in intestinal epithelial cells

Fig. 1

Effect of myriocin on the expression of autophagy in Salmonella-infected SW480 cells. SW480 cells were untreated (CON) or treated with myriocin and then infected by S. typhimurium wild-type strain SL1344. Immunoblots were performed on whole cell lysates with antibody to detect autophagy LC3-I/II protein expression, or GAPDH for normalization of proteins. Representative immunoblots (a) and densitometric quantification of immunoreactive bands are shown. The relative band intensities of LC3-II (b) in untreated (white) and treated (black) SW480 cells are quantified as fold increases compared with the control cells. c SW480 cells were transfected with control siRNA or Atg16L1 siRNA (siAtg16L1 (−) = non-target control siRNA; siAtg16L1(+) = siRNA to Atg16L1) for 48 h. The transfected cells were infected for 1 h with S. typhimurium wild-type strain SL1344 in the absence or presence of myriocin. The cells were fixed, permeabilized and stained with anti-LC3 (red) and LC3 puncta formation was detected by a confocal microscope. Representative images of LC3 punctae are depicted. Scale bar = 10 μm. d The percentage of cells showing accumulation of LC3 punctae is reported. Each value represents the mean ± S.E.M. of 3 independent experiments. An asterisk indicates a significant difference (p < 0.05)

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