Fig. 2

The effect of C. concisus Zot on the passage of paracellular marker. Caco-2 cells grown for 21 days were treated with 50 μg/100 μl of EP and EP-ZotP14UCO-S1 proteins for 2 h. Cells were then washed with DPBS and 700 μg/ml of fluorescein-labelled dextran 4000 (FD4) was added. The cells were further cultured for 2 h and the passage of FD4 was measured. The permeability of FD4 was calculated as apparent permeability coefficient (Papp). The Papp value caused by 10 % DMSO treated cells was 4.58 ± 0.1. Data are shown as the mean ± SD from triplicates and are representative of three independent experiments. ** Indicates P < 0.01. EP-ZotP14UCO-S1: constituted of E. coli proteins and the Zot of C. concisus strain P14UCO-S1 expressed in E. coli. EP control E. coli proteins