Table 3 Enteric pathogens in the stool samples with diarrhea cases (n = 271) and healthy controls (n = 149) in Kunming, China
From: Case–control study of diarrheal disease etiology in individuals over 5 years in southwest China
Enteropathogen | Diarrhea cases n = 271 n (%) | Healthy controls n = 149 n (%) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analyses | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | |||
At least one enteropathogen | 79 (29.2) | 18 (12.1) | p < 0.0001 | 3.00 (1.71–5.23) | – | – |
At least one enteric bacterial pathogens | 37 (13.7) | 5 (3.4) | p = 0.001 | 4.55 (1.75–11.85) | – | – |
DEC | 34 (12.5) | 5 (3.4) | p = 0.002 | 4.13 (1.58–10.80) | – | – |
EAEC | 20 (7.4) | 2 (1.3) | p = 0.008 | 5.86 (1.35–25.41) | p = 0.198 | 5.95 (1.33–26.63) |
EPEC | 15 (5.5) | 3 (2.0) | p = 0.088 | 2.85 (0.81–10.01) | p = 0.107 | 2.86 (0.80–10.27) |
ETEC | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |
EIEC | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |
EHEC | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |
NTS | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | p = 0.541 | – | – | – |
Plesiomonas spp. | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |
Vibrio cholera | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |
Aeromonas spp. | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |
Shigella spp. | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |
At least one enteric virus pathogens | 39 (14.4) | 6 (4.0) | p = 0.001 | 4.00 (1.66–9.70) | – | – |
NoV GII | 27 (10.0) | 3 (2.0) | p = 0.002 | 5.38 (1.60–18.06) | p = 0.0794 | 3.86 (0.85–17.48) |
RVA | 20 (7.4) | 2 (1.3) | p = 0.008 | 5.86 (1.35–25.41) | p = 0.0166 | 4.50 (1.31–15.43) |
NoV GI | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |
SaV | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |
As | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.7) | p = 0.355 | – | – | – |
Ad | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | ||
At least one enteric parasite pathogens | 13 (4.8) | 9 (6.0) | p = 0.584 | 0.78 (0.33–1.88) | ||
B. hominis | 13 (4.8) | 9 (6.0) | p = 0.584 | 0.78 (0.33–1.88) | p = 0.412 | 0.68 (0.27–1.71) |
Cryptosporidium spp. | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |
Giardia lamblia | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | – | – | – | – |