Fig. 8

Systemic cytokine responses in multidrug resistant P. aeruginosa infected human microbiota-associated mice suffering from acute ileitis. Human microbiota-associated mice were perorally challenged with T. gondii ME49 to induce acute ileitis and either additionally infected with MDR P. aeruginosa 3 days following ileitis induction (PA; filled circles) or not (N; open circles). At day 7 post ileitis induction secretion of distinct pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined in systemic compartments such as a serum (IFN-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-12p70, IL-6 and IL-10) and b spleen (IFN-γ). Naive mice served as negative controls (open diamonds). Numbers of mice (in parentheses), medians (black bars) and significance levels (p values) determined by Kruskal–Wallis test or ordinary one-way ANOVA are indicated. Data shown were pooled from three independent experiments