Table 1 C. concisus and C. ureolyticus detected as monoinfections and in mixed infections by PCR using species specific housekeeping genes in pathogen-negative traveler’s diarrhea cases and asymptomatic controls from CIWEC Travel Medicine Clinic, Kathmandu, Nepal and Bamrungrad International Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
CIWEC Travel Medicine Clinic, Nepal | Cases (n = 83) | Controls (n = 75) | OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
C. concisus: single pathogen | 24 (28.9%) | 3 (4%) | 9.8 (2.8–34.1) | 0.0003 |
C. ureolyticus: single pathogen | 4 (4.8%) | 4 (5.3%) | 0.9 (0.2–3.7) | NS |
C. concisus and C. ureolyticus mixed infection | 2 (2.4%) | 1 (1.3%) | 1.8 (0.2–20.5) | NS |
Campylobacter spp. (non C. concisus and C. ureolyticus) | 6 (7.2%) | 6 (8.0%) | 0.7 (0.2–2.0) | NS |
Bamrungrad International Hospital, Thailand | Cases (n = 26) | Controls (n = 30) | OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
C. concisus: Single pathogen | 2 (7.7%) | 0 | N/A | N/A |
C. ureolyticus: Single pathogen | 1 (3.8%) | 1 (3.3%) | 1.2 (0.07–19.5) | NS |
C. concisus and C. ureolyticus mixed infection | 1 (3.8%) | 0 | N/A | N/A |
Campylobacter spp. (non C. concisus and C. ureolyticus) | 5 (19.2%) | 1 (3.3%) | 4.8 (0.5–41.6) | NS |