Table 4 Distribution of pathogens among those patients with a positive stool PCR result
From: Gut colonization with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus and risk for subsequent enteric infection
No VRE colonization | VRE colonization | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Total pathogens | 216 | 35 | |
Bacteria | 163 (76%) | 30 (86%) | 0.20 |
Escherichia coli (E. coli) species | 60 (28%) | 5 (14%) | 0.10 |
Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) | 38 (18%) | 3 (8.6%) | 0.18 |
Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) | 25 (12%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0.14 |
Entertoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) | 9 (4.2%) | 0 | 0.37 |
Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) | 6 (2.8%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0.66 |
Shigella/enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) | 8 (3.7%) | 0 | 0.38 |
E. coli O157 | 0 | 0 | – |
Campylobacter species | 9 (4.2%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0.58 |
Salmonella | 3 (1.4%) | 2 (5.7%) | 0.14 |
Vibrio species | 0 | 1 (2.9%) | 0.14 |
Pleisomonas shigelloides | 1 (0.5%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0.26 |
Yersinia enterocolitica | 3 (1.4%) | 0 | 0.64 |
Clostridium difficile | 61 (28%) | 20 (57%) | < 0.01 |
Parasites | 9 (4.2%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0.58 |
Cryptosporidium | 4 (1.9%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0.53 |
Cyclospora cayetanensis | 1 (0.5%) | 0 | 0.86 |
Entamoeba histolytica | 0 | 0 | – |
Giardia lamblia | 4 (1.9%) | 0 | 0.55 |
Virus | 44 (20%) | 3 (8.6%) | 0.11 |
Norovirus (genogroups GI, GII) | 30 (14%) | 2 (5.7%) | 0.27 |
Rotavirus A | 2 (0.9%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0.36 |
Sapovirus (serotypes I, II, IV, V) | 9 (4.2%) | 0 | 0.37 |
Adenovirus F40/41 | 2 (0.9%) | 0 | 0.74 |
Astrovirus | 1 (0.5%) | 0 | 0.86 |