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Table 1 Antibiotic resistance rates of 113 H. pylori strains isolated in this study

From: High primary resistance to metronidazole and levofloxacin, and a moderate resistance to clarithromycin in Helicobacter pylori isolated from Karnataka patients

Resistance

Total (%)

Overall

 MET

92 (81.4)

 CLA

23 (20.4)

 LEV

62 (54.9)

 TET

6 (5.3)

 AMO

8 (7.1)

No resistance

16 (14.2)

Single resistance

30 (26.5)

 MET

25 (22.1)

 CLA

1 (0.9)

 LEV

4 (3.5)

Dual resistance

42 (37.2)

 MET + LEV

36 (31.9)

 MET + CLA

6 (5.3)

Triple resistance

23 (20.4)

 MET + CLA + LEV

13 (11.5)

 MET + CLA + AMO

1 (0.9)

 MET + LEV + AMO

5 (4.4)

 MET + LEV + TET

2 (1.8)

 MET + AMO + TET

2 (1.8)

Quadruple resistance

2 (1.8)

 MET + CLA + LEVO + TET

2 (1.8)

  1. MET: Metronidazole; CLA: clarithromycin; LEV: levofloxacin; TET: tetracycline; AMO: amoxicillin