Fig. 3

Clostridium perfringens induces alterations in mucus O-glycan profiles. Birds were administered 0.2% ethanol drinking water (Cp−St−), challenged with 10⁷ CFU C. perfringens (Cp+St−), administered 20 mg/L CORT (Cp−St+), or received both C. perfringens and CORT challenge (Cp+St+). Treatments commenced in birds at 14-days-of-age, where C. perfringens was administered for 2 days and CORT for 7 days. a Freeze–dried mucus samples were β-eliminated under non-reducing conditions (i) to yield free, reducing O-glycans that could be fluorescently labelled with 8-aminopyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonate, and (ii) resolved by capillary electrophoresis (CE). b Resulting CE electropherograms revealed over 50 O-glycans per sample, 26 of which were manually integrated in order to calculate their abundances as a percent of the total detected O-glycans. Peaks labelled with asterisks are attributable to excess APTS reagent. c Strip chart of the O-glycans in which relative levels differ (P < 0.050) in one or more treatment group. Solid square markers denote group means, and the vertical lines associated with markers indicate standard error of the means. Markers not labelled with the same letter differ (P ≤ 0.050)