Fig. 1From: Mechanisms and microbial influences on CTLA-4 and PD-1-based immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer: a narrative reviewTumor size after oral feeding of bacteria to GF mice treated with anti-CTLA-1 therapy. Oral supplementation of B. fragilis, B. theraiotaomicron or Burkholderia cepacia + B. fragilis to GF mice leads to a more robust response to anti-CTLA-4 therapy and subsequent decrease in tumor size [14]. Figure taken from Vetizou et al.Back to article page