Role of interferon gamma in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients with parasitic infections

Table 3 Comparison between parasitic infected cases and free cases in terms of demographic data, comorbidity, SARS-CoV-2 manifestation, and severity

Characteristics	Total	Negative (−ve) (n = 117)	Positive (+ve) (n = 258)	t	P
Age
Mean ± SD	375	43.37 ± 10.62	45.11 ± 12.53	1.30	0.19
Range		18–67	19–69		NS

Characteristics	Total	N	%	N	%	χ²	P
Sex
Male	246	75	30.5	171	69.5	0.17	0.68
Female	129	42	32.6	87	67.3		NS
Occupation
Student	29	11	37.9	18	62.1
Unemployed-housewife	51	13	25.5	38	74.5
Retired	24	10	41.7	14	58.3
Farmer	12	1	8.3	11	91.7
Skilled or worker	65	23	35.4	42	64.6	14.98	0.04*
Employer	93	35	37.6	58	62.4
Specialist	69	21	30.4	48	69.6
Health care worker	32	3	9.4	29	90.6
Chronic comorbidities
No	225	69	30.7	156	69.3	0.07	0.78
Yes	150	48	32	102	68	0.07	NS
Hypertension	12	5	41.7	7	58.3
Diabetes mellitus	12	1	8.3	11	91.7
HPT + DM	8	2	25	6	75	12.58	0.04*
Chronic heart disease	21	9	42.9	12	57.1
Chronic lung disease	74	26	35.1	48	64.9
Chronic heart & lung diseases	10	5	50	5	50
Immunosuppression	13	0	0	13	100
COVID-19 symptoms
Chest manifestation	205	84	41	121	59
GIT manifestation	96	21	21.9	75	78.1	20.67	<0.001**
Chest & GIT manifestations	74	12	16.2	62	83.8
Mild	346	94	27.2	252	72.8	33.89	<0.001**
Covid-19 severity
Severe (admission ICU)	29	23	79.3	6	20.7

SD standard deviation, t independent t test, χ2 chi-square test, NS non-significant, NS non-significant (P > 0.05) * significant (P < 0.05) ** highly significant (P < 0.01)