Changing serotypes of hand, foot and mouth disease in Shanghai, 2017–2019

Table 1 Clinical diagnoses and disease types of cases collected in present study

Clinical diagnosis	Number of cases	Percentage (%)
Hand, foot, and mouth disease	1729	76.1
Herpetic angina	198	8.7
Rash	78	3.4
Hand, foot, and mouth disease and herpetic angina	1	0.0
Hand, foot, and mouth disease and febrile convulsion	47	2.1
Hand, foot, and mouth disease and convulsion	30	1.3
Hand, foot, and mouth disease and bronchopneumonia	26	1.1
Hand, foot, and mouth disease and pneumonia	21	0.9
Hand, foot, and mouth disease and bronchitis	19	0.8
Hand, foot, and mouth disease and digestive system diseases^a	8	0.4
Hand, foot, and mouth disease and infective fever	4	0.2
Hand, foot, and mouth disease and acute upper respiratory infections	3	0.1
Hand, foot, and mouth disease and other nervous system diseases^b	6	0.3
Herpetic angina and rash	4	0.2
Herpetic angina and febrile convulsion	7	0.3
Herpetic angina and convulsion	7	0.3
Herpetic angina & bronchopneumonia	1	0.0
Herpetic angina & infective fever	1	0.0
Herpetic angina & digestive system diseases^a	1	0.0
Rash and acute upper respiratory infections	2	0.1
Rash and bronchitis	2	0.1
Other infectious diseases^c	27	1.2
Hand, foot, and mouth disease/herpetic angina and other diseases^d	45	2.0
Total	2267	99.8^e

^aDigestive system diseases: diarrhea, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal dysfunction, acute gastritis and acute gastroenteritis
^bOther nervous system diseases: epilepsy, viral encephalitis, meningitis and facial paralysis
^cOther infectious diseases: acute upper respiratory tract infection, infectious fever, infectious diarrhea, oral ulcer, oral herpes, mumps, urinary tract infection, bronchitis and chickenpox
^dOther diseases: acute respiratory infection, thrombocytopenia, traumatic brain injury syndrome, viral skin disease, bronchopneumonia, congenital heart disease, infectious fever, acute upper respiratory tract infection, influenza, dermatitis, angioedema, vehicular accident, febrile convulsion, abnormal pulmonary function, abnormal myocardial enzymes, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, intrahepatic cholangitis, Acute suppurative tonsillitis, urinary tract infection, conjunctivitis, cervical lymphadenitis, benign myositis of the lower extremities, ulcerative stomatitis, thrush, influenza B flow, sepsis, anemia, eczema, premature ventricular contractions, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, chest pain waiting for examination, language development disorders, moderate anemia, thrombocytopenia, bronchitis, congenital heart disease, Congenital upper limb malformation, congenital lower limb malformation, hemangioma, cryptorchidism, congenital heart disease and bacteremia
^eAmong the collected cases, 4 cases were diagnosed as medical consultation and physical examination

ISSN: 1757-4749