Outcome measure | Summary of findings | Quality of evidence assessment (GRADE) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of patients (trials) | Effect size (95% CI) | Risk of biasa | Inconsistencyb | Indirectnessc | Imprecisiond | Publication biase | Quality of evidencef | |
Gastrointestinal motility | 210 (8) | 0.83 (0.63, 1.04) | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious | Moderate |
Stool type: Bristol Stool Scale | 210 (5) | 0.46 (− 0.50, 1.42) | Not serious | Serious | Not serious | Serious | Not serious | Low |
Constipation symptom reduction | 258 (7) | − 0.63 (− 1.72, 0.46) | Serious | Serious | Serious | Serious | Not serious | Very low |
Inflammation markers | 250 (4) | − 5.98 (− 9.20, − 2.75) | Not serious | Serious | Serious | Not serious | Serious | Very low |
Antioxidant markers | 330 (5) | 0.92 (− 0.28, 2.13) | Not serious | Serious | Serious | Serious | Not Serious | Very low |
Diabetes risk | 240 (4) | − 3.46 (− 4.72, − 2.20) | Not serious | Serious | Serious | Not Serious | Serious | Very low |
Dyslipidemia risk | 240 (5) | − 1.18 (− 2.48, 0.12) | Not serious | Serious | Serious | Serious | Serious | Very low |
UPDRS Part III | 219 (3) | − 0.65 (− 1.11, − 0.19) | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | not serious | High |
NMSQ | 177 (2) | − 0.81 (− 1.12, − 0.51) | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | High |
Quality of life | 509 (7) | − 1.02 (− 1.66, − 0.37) | Not serious | Serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Moderate |
Anxiety Scale | 366 (4) | − 0.72 (− 1.10, − 0.35) | Not serious | Serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Moderate |
Depression Scale | 366 (4) | − 0.70 (− 0.93, − 0.46) | Not serious | Not Serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | High |
Gastrointestinal motility: fermented milk | 360 (3) | 0.55 (0.33, 0.77) | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious | Moderate |
Gastrointestinal motility: capsules | 392 (6) | 1.06 (0.85, 1.28) | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Serious | Moderate |