Fig. 3

Relative abundanceof differentially abundant genera between Mild and severe COVID-19 patients from India

(A) Box plots showing the relative abundance (%) of 6 differentially abundant generain mild and severe COVID-19 patients from the Lachnospiraceae family (p-value < 0.05, Mann Whitney U test, FDR corrected). The relative abundance (%) of genus Bifidobacterium was also enriched in mild patients (p-value < 0.01, Mann Whitney U test, FDR corrected). All the above-mentioned commensal gut microbes were significantly high in mild patients than in the severe disease group. (B) Box plots showing the relative abundance (%) of the opportunistic pathogen Eggerthella statistically different between the two groups (p-value < 0.05, Mann Whitney U test, FDR corrected). (C) Alpha diversity in the mild and severe COVID-19 patientswas computed. In Lachnospiraceae family diversity was found to be significant for Shannon index (p-value = 0.0026, Mann Whitney U test), Chao index (p-value = 0.0005 Mann Whitney U test), and non-significant for Simpson index (p-value = 0.074, Mann Whitney U test). The box indicates the interquartile range (IQR). The median value is represented as a line within the box and whiskers extend to the extreme value that is within 1.5*IQR