Table 2 Table summarising the histopathological alterations and colonisation density observed in the canine stomach, according to the positive NHPH species-specific PCR results, positive genus results and negative results
From: Presence and significance of Helicobacter spp. in the gastric mucosa of Portuguese dogs
PCR positive results with specific species identification, regardless gastric location (percent&number) (n = 33) | Positive results for Helicobacter spp. (percent&number) (n = 27) | Negative results (percent & number) (n = 9) | p | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hh | Hf | Hb | Hs | Hf + Hb | Hh + Hs | Hh + Hf | Hb + Hs | Hf + Hb + Hs | ||||
Histopathology grading | ||||||||||||
(Day et al., 2008) | ||||||||||||
Normal | 3.0 (1/33) | 0 | 0 | 3.0 (1/33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.4 (2/27) | 11.1 (1/9) | NS |
Mild gastritis | 15.2 (5/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 6.1 (2/33) | 0 | 18.2 (6/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 6.1 (2/33) | 44.4 (12/27) | 33.3 (3/9) | |
Moderate gastritis | 12.1 (4/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 0 | 3.0 (1/33) | 9.1 (3/33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48.1 (13/27) | 44.4 (4/9) | |
Marked gastritis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.1 (2/33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11.1 (1/9) | |
Epithelial injury | ||||||||||||
Mild | 27.3 (9/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 0 | 9.1 (3/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 30.3 (10/33) | 0 | 3.0 1/3(3) | 6.1 (2/33) | 77.8 (21/27) | 33.3 (3/9) | 0.003 |
Moderate | 3.0 (1/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 6.1 (2/33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 (1/33) | 0 | 0 | 14.8 (4/27) | 11.1 (1/9) | |
Fibrosis/mucosal atrophy | ||||||||||||
Mild | 18.2 (6/33) | 6.1 (2/33) | 6.1 (2/33) | 6.1 (2/33) | 0 | 18.2 (6/33) | 0 | 0 | 3.0 (1/33) | 55.6 (15/27) | 33.3 (3/9) | NS |
Moderate | 3.0 (1/33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 (1/33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.7 (1/27) | 11.1 (1/9) | |
Intraepithelial lymphocytes | ||||||||||||
Mild | 15.2 (5/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 6.1 (2/33) | 6.1 (2/33) | 0 | 15.2 (5/33) | 0 | 0 | 6.1 (2/33) | 29.6 (8/27) | 11.1 (1/9) | 0.016 |
Moderate | 3.0 (1/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 0 | 0 | 3.0 (1/33) | 9.1 (3/33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.8 (4/27) | 0 | |
Lymphofollicular hyperplasia | ||||||||||||
Mild | 6.1 (2/33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 (1/33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29.6 (8/27) | 11.1 (1/9) | NS |
Bacterial density (based on the IHC results) | NA | |||||||||||
+ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.8 (4/27) | ||
++ | 3.0 (1/33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.0 (1/33) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25.9 (7/27) | ||
+++ | 24.2 (8/33) | 6.1 (2/33) | 6.1 (2/33) | 9.1 (3/33) | 0 | 33.3 (11/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 3.0 (1/33) | 6.1 (2/33) | 51.9 (14/27) | ||