Hemolysis of bacteria is an important phenotype used for typing and characterizing strains with specific biomarkers and even a virulence factor in bacterial pathogenesis. In Vibrio cholerae, hemolysin HlyA is res...
Authors: Yufeng Fan, Zhenpeng Li, Zhe Li, Xu Li, Huihui Sun, Jie Li, Xin Lu, Weili Liang and Biao Kan
Group A rotaviruses are the major causative agents of pediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. Several studies have reported the predominance of G4P[6] rotavirus genotypes in Korean neonates, which is uncommon in ...
Authors: Su-Kyung Lee, Seoheui Choi, Jae-Seok Kim, Eun Jin Lee, Jungwon Hyun and Hyun Soo Kim
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is a causative agent of Johne’s disease in all ruminants worldwide. Economic problems in dairy cattle and sheep industries, public health concern, persistence of ...
Authors: Vida Eraghi, Abdollah Derakhshandeh, Arsalan Hosseini, Masoud Haghkhah, Leonardo A. Sechi and Azar Motamedi Boroojeni
We previously demonstrated that the serA gene is associated with bacterial pathogenicity, including bacterial penetration through the Caco-2 cell monolayers, bacterial motility, bacterial adherence, and fly morta...
Authors: Jun Okuda, Syouya Nagata, Masashi Yasuda and Chigusa Suezawa
A whole exome sequencing study was performed on an extended family including a patient with Crohn’s disease (CD) and a patient with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). The patient with CD and the patient wi...
Authors: J. Todd Kuenstner, Maher Kali and Christine Welch
Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis (campylobacteriosis) in humans worldwide, and the most frequent pathogen associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and Miller-Fisher synd...
Authors: Krzysztof Fiedoruk, Tamara Daniluk, Dorota Rozkiewicz, Elzbieta Oldak, Suhanya Prasad and Izabela Swiecicka
Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two main entities of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Previous works have identified more than 200 risk factors (including loci and signaling pathways)...
Authors: Maria Gazouli, Nikolas Dovrolis, Andre Franke, George M. Spyrou, Leonardo A. Sechi and George Kolios
Shigella has evolved as a result of acquiring extragenetic material through horizontal gene exchange. These aid in the rapid emergence of bacterial inter-strain diversity in virulence factors and serotype variant...
There is a reported association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) exposure and increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), but less is known about how this class of medications taken during treatme...
Authors: Evan Stuart Bradley, Emily Howe, Xun Wu and John P. Haran
Internalins are surface proteins that are utilized by Listeria monocytogenes to facilitate its invasion into human intestinal epithelial cells. The expression of a full-length InlA is one of essential virulence f...
Authors: Xudong Su, Guojie Cao, Jianmin Zhang, Haijian Pan, Daofeng Zhang, Dai Kuang, Xiaowei Yang, Xuebin Xu, Xianming Shi and Jianghong Meng
The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection was never assessed in Armenia, nor was the prevalence of H. pylori resistance against the main antibiotics concerned, despite the fact that these data are fundament...
Authors: Manik Gemilyan, Gagik Hakobyan, Lucie Benejat, Bujana Allushi, Davit Melik-Nubaryan, Harutyun Mangoyan, Amandine Laur, Emilie Daguerre, Eduard Grigoryan and Francis Megraud
The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of toxigenic C. difficile and C. perfringens infections at health care facility-onset (HCFO) and community-onset (CO), in two health care centers (HCC) in Bogot...
Authors: Alex J. Forero, Marina Muñoz, Milena Camargo, Sara C. Soto-De León, Dora I. Ríos-Chaparro, Claudia Birchenall, Darío Pinilla, Juan M. Pardo, Diego F. Josa, Manuel A. Patarroyo and Juan D. Ramírez
Human norovirus (HuNoV) is the major cause of viral acute gastroenteritis for all age groups in various countries. HuNoV GII in particular accounted for the majority of norovirus outbreaks, among which GII.4 c...
Multidrug resistance is a growing global public health threat with far more serious consequences than generally anticipated. In this study, we investigated the antibiotic resistance and genomic traits of a cli...
Authors: Xuelin Zhang, Saisong Xiao, Xuege Jiang, Yun Li, Zhongyi Fan, Yi Yu, Peng Wang, Diangeng Li, Xian Zhao and Changting Liu
The colibactin and cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (Cnf 1) are toxins with cell cycle modulating effects that contribute to tumorgenesis and hyperproliferation. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence an...
Authors: Radwa N. Morgan, Sarra E. Saleh, Hala A. Farrag and Mohammad M. Aboulwafa
Campylobacter jejuni infections constitute serious threats to human health with increasing prevalences worldwide. Our knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying host–pathogen interactions is still li...
Authors: Anna-Maria Schmidt, Ulrike Escher, Soraya Mousavi, Nicole Tegtmeyer, Manja Boehm, Steffen Backert, Stefan Bereswill and Markus M. Heimesaat
Recently, intestinal microbiome has been involved in hepatic diseases due to the immunologic and metabolic communication between liver and intestine. Initiation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently att...
Due to increased prevalence of H. pylori antimicrobial resistance worldwide and more importantly the resistance patterns vary between different geographical regions, it is important to survey local H. pylori anti...
Authors: Vignesh Shetty, Binit Lamichhane, Chin Yen Tay, Ganesh C. Pai, Ramachandra Lingadakai, Girisha Balaraju, Shiran Shetty, Mamatha Ballal and Eng Guan Chua
Gut microbiota affects lipid metabolism interactively with diet. Equol, a metabolite of isoflavones produced by gut bacteria, may contribute substantially in beneficial lipid-lowering effects. This study aimed...
Authors: Wei Zheng, Yue Ma, Ai Zhao, Tingchao He, Na Lyu, Ziqi Pan, Geqi Mao, Yan Liu, Jing Li, Peiyu Wang, Jun Wang, Baoli Zhu and Yumei Zhang
Campylobacter is the most common cause of traveler’s diarrhea (TD) and human bacterial gastroenteritis. A heteroresistant Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) isolate, identified by microbiological methods and charac...
Authors: Woradee Lurchachaiwong, Supaporn Ruksasiri, Patcharawalai Wassanarungroj, Oralak Serichantalergs, Ladaporn Bodhidatta, John Crawford, Sanjaya Kumar Shrestha and Prativa Pandey
Chemotherapy induced diarrhea (CID) is a common side effect in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer. The aim of our study was to explore the association between gut microorganisms and CID from the CapeOX...
Authors: Zuo Fei, Yin Lijuan, Yang Xi, Wu Wei, Zhong Jing, Da Miao and Han Shuwen
Enterococcus avium is a Gram-positive pathogenic bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. E. avium can cause bacteremia, peritonitis, and intracranial suppurative infection. However, the mechanism of...
Authors: Tao Yu, Lixiang Li, Qilin Zhao, Peng Wang and Xiuli Zuo
Surveillance of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in patients with underlying diseases is important because use of prophylactic antibiotics makes them prone to CDI. Epidemiology of CDI in this high-risk popul...
Authors: Chetana Vaishnavi, Pramod K. Gupta, Megha Sharma and Rakesh Kochhar
The serious human pathogen, E. coli serotype O157:H7, continues to gain antibiotic resistance, posing a public health threat. While this serotype’s genome has been sequenced, the role of 25% of its genes remains ...
Authors: Salma H. Hussein, Reham Samir, Ramy K. Aziz and Mohamed A. Toama
Campylobacter jejuni is a major food-borne pathogen and a worldwide health threat. Utilizing different virulence factors, C. jejuni invades the host’s intestinal epithelial cell layer. One important factor in thi...
Metagenomic methods have been widely applied to study the relationship between gut microbiota and human health. To test whether metagenomic amplicon sequencing could be an effective method to diagnose and trac...
Cryptosporidium is an important gut microbe whose contributions towards infant and immunocompromise patient mortality rates are steadily increasing. Over the last decade, we have seen the development of various t...
Authors: Christopher N. Miller, Charalampos G. Panagos, William R. T. Mosedale, Martin Kváč, Mark J. Howard and Anastasios D. Tsaousis
In Asia, serotype K1/K2 Klebsiella pneumoniae are the major capsular serotypes that cause liver abscess or bacteremia in patients. The purpose of this study was to compare novel immunochromatographic strips (ICSs...
Authors: Ching-Hsun Wang, Po-Liang Lu, Esther Yip-Mei Liu, Yih-Yuan Chen, Fu-Mei Lin, Yi-Tsung Lin, Feng-Yee Chang and Jung-Chung Lin
Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) are facultative pathogens that are part of the normal human intestinal flora. The ExPEC group includes uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC), ...
Authors: Jolanta Sarowska, Bozena Futoma-Koloch, Agnieszka Jama-Kmiecik, Magdalena Frej-Madrzak, Marta Ksiazczyk, Gabriela Bugla-Ploskonska and Irena Choroszy-Krol
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a common cause of bacterial infection that leads to diarrhea. Although some studies have proposed a potential association between the toxic profile and genetic backgroun...
Authors: Si-yun Chung, Taesoo Kwon, Young-Seok Bak, Joung Je Park, Cheorl-Ho Kim, Seung-Hak Cho and Won Kim
The relationship between disturbances of the gut microbiota and 1,25(OH)2D3 deficiency has been established both in humans and animal models with a vitamin D poor diet or a lack of sun exposure. Our prior study h...
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium which mainly causes peptic ulcer disease in human, but is also the predominant cause of stomach cancer. It has been coevolving with human since 120,000 years and, ...
Authors: Binit Lamichhane, Eng-Guan Chua, Michael J. Wise, Connor Laming, Barry J. Marshall and Chin-Yen Tay
Blastocystis subtype 3 is an intestinal protist present in humans throughout the world with a controversial pathogenic potential. It has been suggested that probiotic bacteria inhibit the multiplication of gut pr...
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa in humans. One of the main virulence factors of H. pylori is the cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI), which encodes a type 4-secret...
Authors: Adolfo Román-Román, Verónica I. Martínez-Santos, Carlos A. Castañón-Sánchez, Alan J. Albañil-Muñoz, Paola González-Mendoza, Diana G. Soto-Flores, Dinorah N. Martínez-Carrillo and Gloria Fernández-Tilapa
Campylobacter jejuni secretes HtrA (high temperature requirement protein A), a serine protease that is involved in virulence. Here, we investigated the interaction of HtrA with the host protein occludin, a tight ...
Authors: Aileen Harrer, Roland Bücker, Manja Boehm, Urszula Zarzecka, Nicole Tegtmeyer, Heinrich Sticht, Jörg D. Schulzke and Steffen Backert
Enterobacter hormaechei is an important emerging pathogen and a key member of the highly diverse Enterobacter cloacae complex. E. hormaechei strains can persist and spread in nosocomial environments, and often ex...
Authors: Leigh G. Monahan, Matthew Z. DeMaere, Max L. Cummins, Steven P. Djordjevic, Piklu Roy Chowdhury and Aaron E. Darling
The emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from human and animal sources is a public health concern as this antibiotic is considered to be the last line therapeutic option for infections caused by ...
Authors: Zeinab Pishnian, Mehri Haeili and Adel Feizi
The onset of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranked fifth malignancies all over the world. Increasing evidences showed that the distribution of HCC was related to the incidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV...
Authors: Qisha Liu, Fan Li, Yaoyao Zhuang, Jian Xu, Jianwei Wang, Xuhua Mao, Yewei Zhang and Xingyin Liu
Salmonella enterica serotype Heidelberg is primarily a poultry adapted serotype of Salmonella that can also colonize other hosts and cause human disease. In this study, we compared the genomes of outbreak associa...
Authors: Linto Antony, Melissa Behr, Donald Sockett, Dale Miskimins, Nicole Aulik, Jane Christopher-Hennings, Eric Nelson, Marc W. Allard and Joy Scaria
Antibiotic resistance is by far one of the most important health threats of our time. Only a global concerted effort of several disciplines based on the One-Health concept will help in slowing down this proces...
Authors: Esther-Maria Antão, Szilvia Vincze, Regina Hanke, Lukas Klimmek, Katarzyna Suchecka, Antina Lübke-Becker and Lothar H. Wieler
Several pathogens have been debated to play a role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including Crohn’s disease (CD). None of these pathogens have been investigated together in same clinical samples. We devel...
Authors: Robert C. Sharp, Ebraheem S. Naser, Karel P. Alcedo, Ahmad Qasem, Latifa S. Abdelli and Saleh A. Naser
The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in the maintenance of gut homeostasis. Changes in crosstalk between the intestinal epithelial cells, immune cells and the microbiota are critically involved in th...
The role of microbiota in Crohn’s disease (CD) is increasingly recognized. However, most of the reports are from Western populations. Considering the possible variation from other populations, the aim of this ...
Authors: Mohammad I. El Mouzan, Harland S. Winter, Assad A. Assiri, Kirill S. Korolev, Ahmad A. Al Sarkhy, Scot E. Dowd, Mohammad A. Al Mofarreh and Rajita Menon
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a causative agent of gastroenteritis. Most of the clinical isolates carry either tdh and/or trh genes which are considered as the major virulence genes of this pathogen. In this study, ...
Shigella spp. are Gram-negative intracellular pathogenic bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae and can cause bacterial dysentery, a severe diarrheal disease. The pathophysiological impact of the Gra...
Authors: Laura Deutsch-Nagy, Péter Urbán, Zsuzsanna Tóth, Zoltán Bihari, Béla Kocsis, Csaba Fekete and Ferenc Kilár
As part of the effort to develop an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) human challenge model for testing new heat-stable toxin (ST)-based vaccine candidates, a controlled human infection model study based on...
Authors: Oda Barth Vedøy, Kurt Hanevik, Sunniva Todnem Sakkestad, Halvor Sommerfelt and Hans Steinsland
Cyclospora cayetanensis is a food-borne intestinal human parasite that causes outbreaks of diarrhea. There is a need for efficient laboratory methods for strain-level characterization to assist in outbreak invest...
Authors: Yvonne Qvarnstrom, Yuping Wei-Pridgeon, Erik Van Roey, Subin Park, Ganesh Srinivasamoorthy, Fernanda S. Nascimento, Delynn M. Moss, Eldin Talundzic and Michael J. Arrowood
Reduced intestinal microbial diversity and bacterial imbalance (dysbiosis) are seen in studies of Crohn’s disease. As it is difficult to obtain biopsy samples before disease presentation, the earliest mucosal ...
Authors: Claire L. O’Brien, Christopher J. Kiely and Paul Pavli
In the current study, nine foodborne “Locus of Enterocyte Effacement” (LEE)-negative Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains were selected for whole genome sequencing and analysis for yet unknown ge...
Authors: Nadja Saile, Elisabeth Schuh, Torsten Semmler, Inga Eichhorn, Lothar H. Wieler, Andreas Bauwens and Herbert Schmidt
Members of the species Kocuria rhizophila, belonging to the family Micrococcaceae in the phylum Actinobacteria, have been isolated from a wide variety of natural sources, such as soil, freshwater, fish gut, and c...
Authors: Tae Woong Whon, Hyun Sik Kim and Jin-Woo Bae
