Table 4 Association of H. pylori and its virulence genes vacA s1m1, cagA, babA2 with gastric ulcer and gastric cancer

H. pylori

 Negative

1.0^b

1.0^b

 Positive

1.07 (0.71–1.61)

2.08 (1.05–4.13)

0.035

vacA

 s2m2

1.0^b

1.0^b

 s1m1

2.02 (1.12–3.62)

6.58 (2.15–20.08)

0.001

cagA

 Negative

1.0^b

1.0^b

 Positive

1.02 (0.56–1.86)

1.22 (0.47–3.17)

0.676

babA2

 Negative

1.0^b

1.0^b

 Positive

0.97 (0.50–1.85)

2.50 (0.99–6.32)

0.052

Genotype

 s2m2/cagA−

1.0^b

1.0^b

 s2m2/cagA+

2.5 (0.33–18.6)

–

–

 s1m1/cagA−

4.3 (1.02–18.2)

1.8 (0.15–22.1)

0.639

 s1m1/cagA+

1.5 (0.40–5.5)

2.1 (0.25–16.8)

0.502