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Table 1 Unique common characteristics of endospore-formers related to the presence of highly resistant spores

From: Introducing the sporobiota and sporobiome

Specifically influenced by natural selection

Have an individual arrangement for fitness costs of antibiotic resistance

Resistant to various physico-chemical treatments, including antibiotics

Have strong binding properties

Highly transmissible

Implicated in the spread of antibiotic resistance

Spores trigger host immune responses with detrimental effects

Infections caused by sporeforming bacteria share similar characteristics: persistence, chronicity, relapses