Table 1 Involvement of miRNAs in host viral interaction

miRNAs that facilitate viral replication

Host miRNA directly promote viral replication

miR-15b

Experimentally validated

Promotes HBV replication by aiding HBV enhancer I activity HNF-1α

[49]

miR-501

Experimentally validated

Activates HBV replication by repressing HBx-interacting protein (HBXIP)

[50]

miR-1

Experimentally validated

Enhances HBV core promoter activity by promoting farnesoid X receptor α expression

[51]

miRs-372/373

Experimentally validated

Stimulated the production of HBV proteins and HBV core-associated DNA by targeting nuclear factor I/B

[52]

miRNAs that directly inhibit viral replication

miRNAs with target sequences in the viral genome

let-7,miR-196b, miR-433, miR-511

Computational analysis

Targets polymerase and surface genes

[53]

miR-205

Computational analysis

Targets HBX

[53]

miR-345

Computational analysis

Targets pre-core genes

[53]

miR-122

Experimentally validated

Targets mRNA coding region for viral polymerase & core protein

[54]

miR-199a-3p

Experimentally validated

Targets HBsAg coding region

[55]

miR-210

Experimentally validated

Targets p Targets re-S1 region

[51]

miR-125a-5p

Experimentally validated

Interacts with the HBV surface antigen

[56]

miR-15a

Experimentally validated

Targets HBx transcript

[57]

miR-20a, miR-92a-1, miR-16-1

Experimentally validated

Targets HBV transcripts

[58]

miR-205

Experimentally validated

Targets HBx gene

[59]

miRNAs that indirectly inhibit viral replication

Indirectly regulates viral replication/transcription by targeting other host factors linked with viral replication

miR-122

Experimentally validated

Promotes viral replication by targeted inhibition of heme oxygenase-1

[60]

miR-122

Experimentally validated

Targets CCNG1 and NDRG3 to inhibit viral replication

[61]

miR-29c

Experimentally validated

Suppresses HBV replication by targeting TNFAIP3

[62]

miR-125b

Experimentally validated

Inhibits HBV DNA intermediates and the secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg by targeted repression of SCNN1Α

[63]

miR-141

Experimentally validated

Repress HBV replication by targeting of PPARα

[64]

miR-155

Experimentally validated

Repress HBV replication by targeting of C/EBP-β

[65]

miR-130a

Experimentally validated

Represses HBV replication by targeting HBV transcription enhancers PGC1α and PPAR

[66]