Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and genotyping of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in foods of cattle origin, diarrheic cattle, and diarrheic humans in Egypt

Table 3 Antibiotic resistance phenotypes and their associated resistance genes among cattle, humans and food STEC isolates in this study

Ser	Source	No	Carbapenems resistance				β-Lactams resistance							Other antibiotics resistance								MARi
			Phenotype		Genotype		Phenotype				Genotype			Phenotype
			IMP	MEM	bla_VIM	bla_NDM	AMP	KZ	CTX	CAZ	bla_TEM	bla_CTX	bla_OXA	NA	CIP	S	K	CN	TE	C	SXT
O26	Cattle	2	+	+	●		+	+	+	+	●	●		+		+	+		+	+	+	0.86
	Humans	1	+	+	●	●	+	+	+	+	●		●	+	+	+	+		+		+	0.86
	Humans	1	+	+	●		+	+	+	+		●		+		+	+	+		+		0.79
	Cattle	1					+	+	+	+	●	●		+	+	+			+	+		0.64
	Milk	1					+	+			●			+		+	+	+	+		+	0.57
	Cattle	1					+	+	+	+	●	●		+	+	+			+			0.57
	Cattle	1					+	+	+	+	●	●		+		+	+		+			0.57
	Milk	1	+	+	●		+	+			●			+		+	+				+	0.57
	Humans	1	+	+	●		+	+			●			+		+	+				+	0.57
	Humans	1					+	+			●					+			+	+		0.36
	Cattle	1														+			+	+		0.21
	Cattle	1												+								0.07
O111	Humans	1	+	+	●		+	+	+	+	●	●		+	+				+			0.64
	Meat	1					+	+	+		●	●		+		+	+		+		+	0.57
	Humans	1					+				●			+		+			+		+	0.36
O91	Cattle	1					+				●			+					+		+	0.29
O103	Humans	1					+	+	+	+		●		+					+			0.43
O103	Milk	1												+		+						0.14
O113	Cattle	1					+	+	+		●	●		+		+			+	+	+	0.57
Total	No	20	7	7	7	1	17	15	11	9	15	10	1	18	4	16	9	2	15	7	10
Total	%	57.1	20	20	20	2.9	48.6	42.9	31.4	25.7	42.9	28.6	2.9	51.4	11.4	45.7	25.7	5.7	42.9	20	28.6

Isolates with no detected antibiotic resistance: O26 [2 cattle and 3 food isolates]; O111 [2 humans and 1 food isolates]; O91 [2 food and 1 humans isolates]; O128 [3 food and 1 cattle isolates]; Ser.: Serovar; No.: number of isolates; IMP: imipenem (IMP 10 µg); MEM: meropenem (MEM 10 µg); AMP: ampicillin (AMP 10 µg); KZ: cephazolin (KZ 30 µg); CAZ: ceftazidime (CAZ 30 µg); CTX: cefotaxime (CTX 30 µg); NA: Nalidixic acid (NA 30 µg); CIP: ciprofloxacin (CIP 5 µg); S: streptomycin (S 10 µg); K: kanamycin (K 30 µg); CN: gentamicin (CN 10 µg); TE: tetracycline (TE 30 µg); C: chloramphenicol (C 30 µg); SXT: sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT 25 µg); MARi: multiple antibiotic resistance index; Plus ( +): positive phenotypic resistance; Black dots (●): positive detection of antibiotic resistance gene

ISSN: 1757-4749