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Table 4 Virulence gene profiles of A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus isolates

From: Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence gene profiles of Arcobacter species isolated from human stool samples, foods of animal origin, ready-to-eat salad mixes and environmental water

Virulence patterns

No. of A. butzleri isolates (%)

No. of A. cryaerophilus isolates (%)

Chicken meat (n = 114)

Raw milk (n = 26)

Salad mixes (n = 2)

Water (n = 30)

Human stool (n = 20)

Chicken meat (n = 5)

Salad mixes (n = 5)

Water (n = 6)

2 genes

 ciaB, mviN

     

3 (60)

4 (80)

3 (50)

3 genes

        

 ciaB, mviN, tlyA

     

1 (20)

 

2 (33.3)

 ciaB, mviN, hecA

      

1 (20)

 

4 genes

 ciaB, mviN, hecA, cj1349

     

1 (20)

  

 ciaB, mviN, tlyA, cj1349

       

1 (16.7)

5 genes

 ciaB, pldA, tlyA, cj1349, cadF

1 (0.9)

1 (3.8)

      

 ciaB, mviN, tlyA, cj1349, cadF

1 (0.9)

1 (3.8)

      

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, tlyA, cadF

1 (0.9)

       

6 genes

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, tlyA, cj1349, cadF

69 (60.5)

13 (50)

 

7 (23.3)

7 (35)

   

 ciaB, mviN, tlyA, hecB, cj1349, cadF

1 (0.9)

1 (3.8)

  

1 (5)

   

 ciaB, mviN, tlyA, cj1349, iroE, cadF

1 (0.9)

       

 ciaB, pldA, tlyA, hecB, cj1349, cadF

 

1 (3.8)

      

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, hecB, cj1349, cadF

 

1 (3.8)

      

7 genes

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, tlyA, hecA, cj1349, cadF

    

1 (5)

   

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, tlyA, hecB, cj1349, cadF

3 (2.6)

8 (30.8)

 

2 (6.7)

11 (55)

   

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, tlyA, cj1349, iroE, cadF

10 (8.8)

  

3 (10)

    

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, tlyA, irgA, cj1349, cadF

1 (0.9)

       

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, hecA, hecB, cj1349, cadF

1 (0.9)

       

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, tlyA, hecA, hecB, cadF

1 (0.9)

       

8 genes

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, tlyA, hecA, hecB, cj1349, cadF

14 (12.3)

 

2 (100)

5 (16.7)

    

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, tlyA, irgA, cj1349, iroE, cadF

1 (0.9)

       

9 genes

 ciaB, mviN, pldA, tlyA, irgA, hecB, cj1349, iroE, cadF

1 (0.9)

  

6 (20)

    

  ciaB, mviN, tlyA, irgA, hecA, hecB, cj1349, iroE, cadF

1 (0.9)

       

10 genes

  ciaB, mviN, pldA, tlyA, irgA, hecA, hecB, cj1349, iroE, cadF

7 (6.1)

  

7 (23.3)

    
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Gut Pathogens

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