Table 1 Univariate analysis of risk factors for colonization with VRE in the ICU patients studied

Demographics

Age (years)

62.5 ± 14.83

57.36 ± 16.59

1.670 (0.631–4.418)

0.299

Gender; male: female

7:15

20:49

0.875 (0.310–2.467)

0.800

Mean length of stay (days)

16.86 (3–55)

14 (3-105)

1.560 (0.594–4.094)

0.365

Reason for admission in ICU; n (%)

Septic shock

2 (9.1)

5 (7.3)

1.28 (0.23–7.11)

0.247

Postoperative critical cares

8 (36.4)

55 (79.7)

0.145 (0.051–0.415)

< 0.001

Respiratory failure

3 (13.6)

3 (4.3)

3.474 (0.648–18.632)

0.150

Trauma

2 (9.1)

2 (2.9)

3.350 (0.443–25.319)

0.245

Others*

7 (31.8)

4 (5.8)

7.583 (1.965–29.272)

0.003

Underling diseases; n (%)

Cardiovascular

16 (72.7)

28 (40.6)

3.905 (1.361–11.205)

0.009

Respiratory

2 (9.1)

5 (7.2)

1.280 (0.230–7.112)

0.674

Hepatobiliary

1 (4.5)

4 (5.8)

0.774 (0.082–7.311)

0.651

Gastrointestinal

1 (4.5)

3 (4.3)

1.048 (0.103–10.616)

0.969

Genitourinary

1 (4.5)

3 (4.3)

1.048 (0.103–10.616)

0.969

Endocrine

5 (22.7)

14 (20.3)

1.155 (0.363–3.675)

0.772

Malignancies

1 (4.5)

8 (11.6)

0.363 (0.043–3.077)

0.446

Recent abdominal operations

5 (22.7)

21 (30.4)

0.672 (0.219–2.063)

0.486

Use of invasive devices; n (%)

Central venous catheter

21 (95.5)

57 (82.6)

4.421 (0.541–36.119)

0.176

Drainage tube

16 (72.7)

57 (82.6)

0.561 (0.182–1.731)

0.360

Nasogastric tube

4 (18.2)

17 (24.6)

0.680 (0.202–2.288)

0.531

Urinary catheter

12 (54.5)

42 (60.9)

0.771 (0.293–2.032)

0.599

Endotracheal tube

15 (68.2)

65 (94.2)

0.132 (0.034–0.509)

0.003

Antibiotic use during the current hospital stay; n (%)

Penicillins

1 (4.5)

4 (5.8)

0.774 (0.082–7.311)

0.822

1st generation cephalosporins

1 (4.5)

1 (1.4)

3.238 (0.194–54.036)

0.427

3rd generation cephalosporins

13 (65)

54(76.1)

0.585 (0.201–1.702)

0.322

4rd generation cephalosporins

1 (4.5)

1 (1.4)

3.238 (0.194–54.036)

0.427

Carbapenems

3 (13.6)

4 (5.8)

2.566 (0.528–12.479)

0.353

Aminoglycosides

-

7 (10.1)

0.19 (0.01–3.38)

0.189

Metronidazole

7 (31.8)

31 (44.9)

0.572 (0.207–1.578)

0.278

Fluoroquinolones

1 (4.5)

3 (4.3)

1.048 (0.103–10.616)

0.969

Tigecycline

-

3 (4.3)

0.42 (0.02–8.49)

0.610

Vancomycin

1 (4.5)

3 (4.3)

1.048 (0.103–10.616)

0.969

Antifungal drugs

5 (22.7)

10 (14.5)

1.735 (0.522–5.770)

0.509

Colistin

2 (9.1)

2 (2.9)

3.350 (0.443–25.319)

0.245

Clindamycin

1 (4.5)

2 (2.9)

1.595 (1.138–18.486)

0.569

Linezolid

-

3 (4.3)

0.42 (0.02–8.49)

0.320