Table 1 Clinical profile of the patients

No of subjects

9

40

49

Age (years-old ± SEM)^a

72.89 ± 6.03

80.15 ± 1.71

78.82 ± 1.79)

Sex

 Males

3 (33.3%)

24 (60%)

27 (55.1%)

 Females

6 (66.7%)

16 (40%)

22 (44.9%)

Underlying diseases

 Biliary lithiasis

5 (55.6%)

30 (75%)

35 (71.4%)

 Type 2 diabetes mellitus

4 (44.4%)

8 (20.0%)

12 (24.5%)

 Stroke sequalae

0 (0%)

2 (5.0%)

2 (4.1%)

 Chronic kidney disease

1 (11.1%)

2 (5.0%)

3 (6.1%)

 Lemmel syndrome

0 (0%)

1 (2.5%)

1 (2.0%)

 Malignant tumors

  Cholangiocarcinoma

0 (0%)

4 (10.0%)

4 (8.1%)

  Pancreatic cancer

2 (22.2%)

1 (2.5%)

3 (6.1%)

  Duodenal papillary cancer

0 (0%)

1 (2.5%)

1 (2.0%)

  Cholangiocarcinoma + pancreatic cancer

0 (0%)

1 (2.5%)

1 (2.0%)

  Hepatocellular carcinoma + gastric cancer

0 (0%)

1 (2.5%)

1 (2.0%)

  Lung cancer

1 (11.1%)

0 (0%)

1 (2.0%)

  Pancreatic cancer + breast cancer

1 (11.1%)

1 (2.5%)

2 (4.1%)

  Thymoma

0 (0%)

1 (2.5%)

1 (2.0%)

  Rectal carcinoma

0 (0%)

1 (2.5%)

1 (2.0%)

  Cholangiocarcinoma + prostate cancer

1 (2.5%)

1 (2.0%)

Causes of biliary obstruction

 Lithiasis

5 (55.6%)

29 (72.5%)

34 (69.3%)

 Malignant tumor

4 (44.4%)

9 (22.5%)

13 (26.5%)

 Lithiasis + malignant tumor

0 (0%)

1 (2.5%)

1 (2.0%)

 Lemmel syndrome

0 (0%)

1 (2.5%)

1 (2.0%)

 History of sphincterotomy

2 (22%)

9 (13%)

11 (23%)

 Grade of AC

  Grade I (mild)

18 (45%)

18 (36.7%)

  Grade II (moderate)

12 (30%)

12 (24.5%)

  Grade III (severe)

10 (25%)

10 (20.4%)