Fig. 3

Family-level microbial composition of the infant fecal samples over time. All families shown here were detected at all times, except Bacteroidaceae, Veillonellaceae and Akkermansiaceae. Detection of C. botulinum by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing is further detailed in Table 1. All samples were collected after antiviral and antibiotic treatment (administered at infant age 103–108 days). The lower part of the figure shows information related to the detection of C. botulinum in the fecal samples based on direct isolation of C. botulinum, PCR detection of bont/A and BoNT detection by mouse bioassay in the different samples and were published earlier [58]. Green dot, negative; orange dot, inconclusive; red dot, positive; white dot, not tested; grey dot, unspecific symptoms