Table 4 H. pylori infection and other risk factor status according to high-risk diseases for GC
Parameters | Erosive GERD | Atrophy | Intestinal metaplasia | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | |
Univariate | ||||||
 H. pylori (yes) | 0.0001 | 0.4 (0.2–0.6) | 0.0001 | 4.6 (3.1–6.7) | 0.6 | 0.9 (0.5–1.4) |
 Age group (> 40) | 0.002 | 2.3 (1.4–4.8) | 0.9 | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 0.0001 | 3.4 (2.2–5.2) |
 Gender (male) | 0.0001 | 3.5 (2.1–5.9) | 0.4 | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | 0.04 | 1.5 (1.0–2.1) |
 Salt (yes) | 0.01 | 1.9 (1.1–3.3) | 0.1 | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | 0.06 | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) |
 Smoke (yes) | 0.02 | 2.0 (1.1–3.6) | 0.6 | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | 0.1 | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) |
 Alcohol (yes) | 0.5 | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 0.6 | 1.0 (0.7–1.5) | 0.1 | 1.3 (0.9–2.0) |
Multivariate | ||||||
 H. pylori (yes) | 0.004 | 0.4 (0.2–0.7) | 0.0001 | 5.1 (3.5–7.7) | – | |
 Age group (> 40) | 0.002 | 2.9 (1.4–5.6) | – | 0.0001 | 3.8 (2.4–5.9) | |
 Gender (male) | 0.0001 | 3.3 (1.9–5.8) | – | – | ||
 Salt (yes) | 0.007 | 2.1 (1.2–3.7) | – | 0.04 | 1.5 (1.0–2.2) | |
 Smoke (yes) | – | – | – | |||
 Alcohol (yes) | – | – | – | |||