Articles

Proliferation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strain TW11681 in stools of experimentally infected human volunteers

As part of the effort to develop an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) human challenge model for testing new heat-stable toxin (ST)-based vaccine candidates, a controlled human infection model study based on...

Authors: Oda Barth Vedøy, Kurt Hanevik, Sunniva Todnem Sakkestad, Halvor Sommerfelt and Hans Steinsland

Purification of Cyclospora cayetanensis oocysts obtained from human stool specimens for whole genome sequencing

Cyclospora cayetanensis is a food-borne intestinal human parasite that causes outbreaks of diarrhea. There is a need for efficient laboratory methods for strain-level characterization to assist in outbreak invest...

Authors: Yvonne Qvarnstrom, Yuping Wei-Pridgeon, Erik Van Roey, Subin Park, Ganesh Srinivasamoorthy, Fernanda S. Nascimento, Delynn M. Moss, Eldin Talundzic and Michael J. Arrowood

The microbiome of Crohn’s disease aphthous ulcers

Reduced intestinal microbial diversity and bacterial imbalance (dysbiosis) are seen in studies of Crohn’s disease. As it is difficult to obtain biopsy samples before disease presentation, the earliest mucosal ...

Authors: Claire L. O’Brien, Christopher J. Kiely and Paul Pavli

Determination of virulence and fitness genes associated with the pheU, pheV and selC integration sites of LEE-negative food-borne Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains

In the current study, nine foodborne “Locus of Enterocyte Effacement” (LEE)-negative Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains were selected for whole genome sequencing and analysis for yet unknown ge...

Authors: Nadja Saile, Elisabeth Schuh, Torsten Semmler, Inga Eichhorn, Lothar H. Wieler, Andreas Bauwens and Herbert Schmidt

The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in vegetables, fruits, and fresh produce: a systematic review and meta-analysis

There are a number of reports indicating correlation between outbreaks of campylobacteriosis and the consumption of raw vegetables. This study is a meta-analysis on the prevalence of Campylobacter in fresh vegeta...

Authors: Hooriyeh Mohammadpour, Enayat Berizi, Saeid Hosseinzadeh, Majid Majlesi and Morteza Zare

Complete genome sequence of Kocuria rhizophila BT304, isolated from the small intestine of castrated beef cattle

Members of the species Kocuria rhizophila, belonging to the family Micrococcaceae in the phylum Actinobacteria, have been isolated from a wide variety of natural sources, such as soil, freshwater, fish gut, and c...

Authors: Tae Woong Whon, Hyun Sik Kim and Jin-Woo Bae

Characterization of Salmonella enterica serovars recovered from meat products legally and illegally imported into the EU reveals the presence of multiresistant and AmpC-producing isolates

Food products of animal origin brought into the EU from third countries, both legally and illegally, can harbor foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella enterica. In this study, we examined five S. enterica isolate...

Authors: Anja Müller, Wiebke Jansen, Nils Th. Grabowski and Corinna Kehrenberg

Antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from healthy broilers in Egypt: emergence of colistin-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli

Poultry remains one of the most important reservoir for zoonotic multidrug resistant pathogens. The global rise of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is of reasonable concern and demands intens...

Authors: Amira A. Moawad, Helmut Hotzel, Heinrich Neubauer, Ralf Ehricht, Stefan Monecke, Herbert Tomaso, Hafez M. Hafez, Uwe Roesler and Hosny El-Adawy

Genome characterization of bile-isolated Shewanella algae ACCC

Shewanella algae has been recognized as an emerging human pathogen. However, not much is known about the mechanism of its pathogenesis and its adaptation to a special niche such as the hepatobiliary tract.

Authors: Shu-Ying Tseng, Kwong-Chung Tung, Jan-Fang Cheng, Yi-Hsuan Lee, Zong-Yen Wu, Yu-Kai Hong, Shi-Yu Chen, Yao-Ting Huang and Po-Yu Liu

Clinical application of a multiplex genetic pathogen detection system remaps the aetiology of diarrhoeal infections in Shanghai

Culture-based diagnostic methods cannot achieve rapid and precise diagnoses for the identification of multiple diarrhoeal pathogens (DPs). A high-throughput multiplex genetic detection system (HMGS) was adapte...

Authors: Shiwen Wang, Feng Yang, Dong Li, Juanxiu Qin, Weiwei Hou, Lian Jiang, Mimi Kong, Yong Wu, Yuchen Zhang, Fuju Zhao, Yi Fang, Yingxin Miao, Lingli Xu, Jie Chen, Zhijun Bao, Michal A. Olszewski…

Phylogenetic characterization of norovirus strains detected from sporadic gastroenteritis in Seoul during 2014–2016

Phylogenetic analysis of norovirus (NoV) is efficient for tracking NoV transmission. To determine the widespread NoV strains in Seoul, we conducted an extensive phylogenetic characterization of NoV-positives f...

Authors: Young Eun Kim, Miok Song, Jaein Lee, Hyun Jung Seung, Eun-Young Kwon, Jinkyung Yu, Youngok Hwang, Taeho Yoon, Tae Jun Park and In Kyoung Lim

Virulence gene profiles and molecular genetic characteristics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli from a hospital in western China

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is one of the most important etiological agents of diarrheal diseases. In this study we investigated the prevalence, virulence gene profiles, antimicrobial resistance, and mol...

Authors: Dan Li, Min Shen, Ying Xu, Chao Liu, Wen Wang, Jinyan Wu, Xianmei Luo, Xu Jia and Yongxin Ma

Cecal microbiome profile altered by Salmonella enterica, serovar Enteritidis inoculation in chicken

Salmonella enterica, serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis), an important zoonotic foodborne pathogen, can affect the microbiota of the chicken intestine and cause many enteric diseases, such as acute gastroenterit...

Authors: Liying Liu, Lili Lin, Linna Zheng, Hui Tang, Xinzhong Fan, Nianguo Xue, Min Li, Min Liu and Xianyao Li

Rapid Isolation of intact Salmonella-containing vacuoles using paramagnetic nanoparticles

Both typhoidal and non-typhoidal Salmonella infections remain a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality globally, and impose a major socio-economic burden worldwide. A key property of all pathogenic Salmone...

Authors: Vikash Singh, Peter Schwerk and Karsten Tedin

Complete genome sequence of Enterococcus durans KLDS6.0933, a potential probiotic strain with high cholesterol removal ability

Enterococci are commensal bacteria in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract which play an important role in the production of various fermented foods. Thus, certain enterococcal strains are commonly used as probio...

Authors: Bailiang Li, Smith Etareri Evivie, Da Jin, Yueyue Meng, Na Li, Fenfen Yan, Guicheng Huo and Fei Liu

Prevalence, resistance pattern, and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from healthy animals and sick populations in Henan Province, China

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most prevalent pathogens and a causative agent of a variety of infections in humans and animals. A total of 640 samples were collected from healthy animals and patients from 20...

Authors: Baoguang Liu, Huarun Sun, Yushan Pan, Yajun Zhai, Tian Cai, Xiaoling Yuan, Yanling Gao, Dandan He, Jianhua Liu, Li Yuan and Gongzheng Hu

Identification of a new alanine racemase in Salmonella Enteritidis and its contribution to pathogenesis

Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) infections caused primarily by S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium particularly in immunocompromised hosts have accounted for a large percentage of fatalities in developed nations. An...

Authors: Shilpa Ray, Susmita Das, Pritam Kumar Panda and Mrutyunjay Suar

Identification of Schizosaccharomyces pombe in the guts of healthy individuals and patients with colorectal cancer: preliminary evidence from a gut microbiome secretome study

Over the years, genetic profiling of the gut microbiome of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) using genome sequencing has suggested over-representation of several bacterial taxa. However, little is known ab...

Authors: Siok-Fong Chin, Putri Intan Hafizah Megat Mohd Azlan, Luqman Mazlan and Hui-min Neoh

Gut colonization with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus and risk for subsequent enteric infection

Gut colonization with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is associated with poor outcomes. This study evaluated the impact of VRE colonization on subsequent acquisition of enteric pathogens.

Authors: Jordan E. Axelrad, Benjamin Lebwohl, Edward Cuaresma, Ken Cadwell, Peter H. R. Green and Daniel E. Freedberg

Emergence of G8P[6] rotavirus strains in Korean neonates

Rotaviruses are the major causes of pediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. The genotypic distribution of rotavirus strains shows temporal and geographical fluctuations, and knowledge of the molecular epidemiolog...

Authors: Su-Kyung Lee, Seoheui Choi, Seon-Hee Shin, Eun Jin Lee, Jungwon Hyun, Jae-Seok Kim and Hyun Soo Kim

N-Acetyl-glucosamine influences the biofilm formation of Escherichia coli

The intestinal mucous layer is a physical barrier that limits the contact between bacteria and host epithelial cells. There is growing evidence that microbiota-produced metabolites can also be specifically sen...

Authors: Jean-Félix Sicard, Philippe Vogeleer, Guillaume Le Bihan, Yaindrys Rodriguez Olivera, Francis Beaudry, Mario Jacques and Josée Harel

Tigecycline application in a 3-month-old infant with multiple drug resistant Klebsiella pneumonia: a case report

Tigecycline is an ‘immature’ antibiotic for children. We report the youngest surviving patient who received a complete tigecycline treatment, and no significant adverse effects occurred in the patient.

Authors: Cheng Peng, Xiaofeng Wang, Jiangwei Zhang, Yi Jiang and Xinlin Hou

ESBL-plasmid carriage in E. coli enhances in vitro bacterial competition fitness and serum resistance in some strains of pandemic sequence types without overall fitness cost

Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)-producing extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli infections are of global interest because of their clinical and economic impact. The ESBL resistance genes disseminate...

Authors: Amit Ranjan, Julia Scholz, Torsten Semmler, Lothar H. Wieler, Christa Ewers, Stefanie Müller, Derek J. Pickard, Peter Schierack, Karsten Tedin, Niyaz Ahmed, Katharina Schaufler and Sebastian Guenther

High carriage of adherent invasive E. coli in wildlife and healthy individuals

Adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) are suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. Since AIEC was first described in 1999, despite important progress on its genomic and imm...

Authors: Oumaïra Rahmouni, Cécile Vignal, Marie Titécat, Benoît Foligné, Benjamin Pariente, Laurent Dubuquoy, Pierre Desreumaux and Christel Neut

Takayasu’s arteritis associated with eosinophilic gastroenteritis, possibly via the overactivation of Th17

Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) is a large-vessel vasculitis pathologically characterized by granulomatous necrotizing vasculitis with giant cells. Although the cause of TA is still unclear, genetic factors as well ...

Authors: Mikihiro Fujiya, Shin Kashima, Yuya Sugiyama, Takuya Iwama, Masami Ijiri, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Keitaro Takahashi, Katuyoshi Ando, Yoshiki Nomura, Nobuhiro Ueno, Takuma Goto, Kentaro Moriichi, Yusuke Mizukami, Toshikatsu Okumura, Junpei Sasajima, Daisuke Fujishiro…

The role of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in animal nutrition

Along with the intensive development of methods of livestock breeding, breeders’ expectations are growing concerning feed additives that would guarantee such results as accelerating growth rate, protection of ...

Authors: Paulina Markowiak and Katarzyna Śliżewska

Characterization of a novel multidrug resistance plasmid pSGB23 isolated from Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Saintpaul

Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Saintpaul (S. Saintpaul) is an important gut pathogen which causes salmonellosis worldwide. Although intestinal salmonellosis is usually self-limiting, it can be li...

Authors: Yichen Ding, Ye Htut Zwe, Seow Fong Chin, Gurjeet S. Kohli, Daniela I. Drautz-Moses, Michael Givskov, Jorgen Schlundt, Stephan C. Schuster, Hyun-Gyun Yuk and Liang Yang

Impact of the introduction of a nucleic acid amplification test for Clostridium difficile diagnosis on stool rejection policies

The change from non-molecular to nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) is known to increase the detection of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI); however, the impact on stool rejection policies in clinical l...

Authors: J. Goret, J. Blanchi, P. Floch, O. Peuchant, D. Chrisment, R. Sanchez, H. Biessy, R. Lemarié, D. Leyssene, B. Loutfi, S. Mimouni, T. Flao, C. Bébéar and F. Mégraud

Antimicrobial resistant Helicobacter fennelliae isolated from non-diarrheal child stool sample in Battambang, Cambodia

Helicobacter fennelliae (H. fennelliae) is associated with human gastroenteritis; however, H. fennelliae was isolated and confirmed by phenotypic and genotypic identification from a non-diarrheal child stool samp...

Authors: Supaporn Ruksasiri, Woradee Lurchachaiwong, Patcharawalai Wassanarungroj, Oralak Serichantalergs, Chiek Sivhour, Nou Samon, Sovann Ly, Lon Chanthap, Ladaporn Bodhidatta and John Crawford

Genome analyses of bla_NDM-4 carrying ST 315 Escherichia coli isolate from sewage water of one of the Indian hospitals

Emergence of carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli pathovars and their environmental dissemination are alarming problems. E. coli isolated from sewage water of hospital setting conferred a high resistance towards...

Authors: Ayesha Z. Beg and Asad U. Khan

Key lime (Citrus aurantifolia) inhibits the growth of triple drug resistant Helicobacter pylori

Eradication rate for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has decreased due to antibiotic resistance. Therefore, new strategies are needed to enhance H. pylori eradication, especially for H. pylori with high antibioti...

Authors: Su-Mi Lee, Seon-Young Park, Moon-Ju Kim, Eun-Ae Cho, Chung-Hwan Jun, Chang-Hwan Park, Hyun-Soo Kim, Sung-Kyu Choi and Jong-Sun Rew

A hybrid reference-guided de novo assembly approach for generating Cyclospora mitochondrion genomes

Cyclospora cayetanensis is a coccidian parasite associated with large and complex foodborne outbreaks worldwide. Linking samples from cyclosporiasis patients during foodborne outbreaks with suspected contaminated...

Authors: G. R. Gopinath, H. N. Cinar, H. R. Murphy, M. Durigan, M. Almeria, B. D. Tall and A. J. DaSilva

The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and other risk factors among Mongolian dyspeptic patients who have a high incidence and mortality rate of gastric cancer

Mongolia has not only the second highest incidence rate but also the highest mortality rate for gastric cancer globally. In addition to gastric cancer, ulcerative disease complications are also life threatenin...

Authors: Oyuntsetseg Khasag, Gantuya Boldbaatar, Tserentogtoh Tegshee, Davaadorj Duger, Azzaya Dashdorj, Tomohisa Uchida, Takeshi Matsuhisa and Yoshio Yamaoka

Infectious bursal disease virus inoculation infection modifies Campylobacter jejuni–host interaction in broilers

Campylobacter jejuni is considered as a chicken commensal. The gut microbiota and the immune status of the host may affect its colonization. Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is an immunosuppressive virus of...

Authors: Li Li, Colin Pielsticker, Zifeng Han, Tereza Kubasová, Ivan Rychlik, Bernd Kaspers and Silke Rautenschlein

The impact of Rhodiola rosea on the gut microbial community of Drosophila melanogaster

The root extract of Rhodiola rosea has historically been used in Europe and Asia as an adaptogen, and similar to ginseng and Shisandra, shown to display numerous health benefits in humans, such as decreasing fati...

Authors: Khachik E. Labachyan, Dara Kiani, Evgueni A. Sevrioukov, Samuel E. Schriner and Mahtab Jafari

Genomic characterization of malonate positive Cronobacter sakazakii serotype O:2, sequence type 64 strains, isolated from clinical, food, and environment samples

Malonate utilization, an important differential trait, well recognized as being possessed by six of the seven Cronobacter species is thought to be largely absent in Cronobacter sakazakii (Csak). The current study...

Authors: Gopal R. Gopinath, Hannah R. Chase, Jayanthi Gangiredla, Athmanya Eshwar, Hyein Jang, Isha Patel, Flavia Negrete, Samantha Finkelstein, Eunbi Park, TaeJung Chung, YeonJoo Yoo, JungHa Woo, YouYoung Lee, Jihyeon Park, Hyerim Choi, Seungeun Jeong…

Chlortetracycline and florfenicol induce expression of genes associated with pathogenicity in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a serious public health threat as infections caused by these strains are more difficult and expensive to treat. Livestock serv...

Authors: Devin B. Holman, Shawn M. D. Bearson, Bradley L. Bearson and Brian W. Brunelle

Towards ending viral hepatitis as a public health threat: translating new momentum into concrete results in South-East Asia

Authors: Poonam Khetrapal Singh

Occurrence of multidrug-resistant and ESBL-producing atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in China

Atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) is regarded as a globally emerging enteropathogen. aEPECs exhibit various level of resistance to a range of antibiotics, which is increasing alarmingly. The pres...

Authors: Yanmei Xu, Hui Sun, Xiangning Bai, Shanshan Fu, Ruyue Fan and Yanwen Xiong

Molecular epidemiology of genogroup II norovirus infections in acute gastroenteritis patients during 2014–2016 in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China

Norovirus (NoV), a member of the Caliciviridae, is now recognized as the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide. Globally, the GII.4 Sydney_2012 variant has predominated in NoV-related AGE sinc...

Authors: Caoyi Xue, Lifeng Pan, Weiping Zhu, Yuanping Wang, Huiqin Fu, Chang Cui, Lan Lu, Sun Qiao and Biao Xu

Molecular detection of human enteric viruses circulating among children with acute gastroenteritis in Valencia, Venezuela, before rotavirus vaccine implementation

The role of rotavirus as main etiologic agent of diarrhea has been well documented worldwide, including in Venezuela. However, information about the prevalence of gastrointestinal viruses such as calicivirus, ...

Authors: Ana C. Alcalá, Kriss Pérez, Ruth Blanco, Rosabel González, Juan E. Ludert, Ferdinando Liprandi and Esmeralda Vizzi

Complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Pen, a probiotic component of a medicine used in prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in children

Lactobacillus rhamnosus Pen is a human endogenous strain with well-documented health promoting properties that is used for production of probiotics. It has a long safety history of application, and its effectiven...

Authors: Piotr Jarocki, Marcin Podleśny, Mariusz Krawczyk, Agnieszka Glibowska, Jarosław Pawelec, Elwira Komoń-Janczara, Oleksandr Kholiavskyi, Michał Dworniczak and Zdzisław Targoński

Possible correlation between gut microbiota and immunity among healthy middle-aged and elderly people in southwest China

The present study was conducted to investigate the possible association between gut microbes and immunity among healthy middle-aged and elderly individuals in southwest China. A total of 148 healthy adults age...

Authors: Xi Shen, Junjie Miao, Qun Wan, Shuyue Wang, Ming Li, Fangfang Pu, Guoqing Wang, Wei Qian, Qian Yu, Francesco Marotta and Fang He

Involvement of gut microbiome in human health and disease: brief overview, knowledge gaps and research opportunities

The commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microbial community which resides inside our body and on our skin (the human microbiome) can perturb host energy metabolism and immunity, and thus significantly influen...

Authors: Dachao Liang, Ross Ka-Kit Leung, Wenda Guan and William W. Au

Genome sequence and comparative genomic analysis of a clinically important strain CD11-4 of Janibacter melonis isolated from celiac disease patient

Janibacter melonis and other member of this genus are known to cause bacteremia and serious clinical comorbidities, but there is no study reporting about pathogenicity attributes of J. melonis. Janibacter terrae ...

Authors: Atul Munish Chander, Rakesh Kochhar, Devinder Kumar Dhawan, Sanjay Kumar Bhadada and Shanmugam Mayilraj

Complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus pentosus SLC13, isolated from mustard pickles, a potential probiotic strain with antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogenic microorganisms

Lactobacillus pentosus SLC13 is a high exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing strain with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and the ability to grow in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. SLC13 was isolated from...

Authors: Min-Lang Huang, Jing-Yao Huang, Cheng-Yen Kao and Tony J. Fang

A multicenter prospective study on the diagnostic performance of a new liquid rapid urease test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) causes a diversity of gastric diseases. Rapid urease tests (RUT) are well established for the point-of-care, invasive diagnosis of H. pylori infection. ...

Authors: Werner Dolak, Ceren Bilgilier, Alexander Stadlmann, Judith Leiner, Andreas Püspök, Wolfgang Plieschnegger, Franz Siebert, Friedrich Wewalka, Rainer Schöfl, Ursula Huber-Schönauer, Christian Datz, Susanne Biowski-Frotz, Christoph Högenauer, Christiane Schrutka-Kölbl, Athanasios Makristathis, Maximilian Schöniger-Hekele…

Colistin resistant Escherichia coli carrying mcr-1 in urban sludge samples: Dhaka, Bangladesh

Of 48 bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae tested from urban sludge samples, one Escherichia coli isolate was resistant to colistin and possessed the resistance marker gene mcr-1 found for the firs...

Authors: Aminul Islam, Zillur Rahman, Shirajum Monira, Md. Anisur Rahman, Andrew Camilli, Christine M. George, Niyaz Ahmed and Munirul Alam

Low distribution of genes encoding virulence factors in Shigella flexneri serotypes 1b clinical isolates from eastern Chinese populations

The ability of Shigella to invade, colonize, and eventually kill host cells is influenced by many virulence factors. However, there is no analysis of related genes in Jiangsu Province of China so far. Shigella fl...

Authors: Wenting Fan, Huimin Qian, Wenkang Shang, Chen Ying, Xuedi Zhang, Song Cheng, Bing Gu and Ping Ma

Exposure to environmental microbiota explains persistent abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome after a major flood

After an environmental disaster, the affected community is at increased risk for persistent abdominal pain but mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, our study aimed to determine association between abdominal pain...

Authors: NurFadhilah Yusof, Nurhazwani Hamid, Zheng Feei Ma, Rona Marie Lawenko, Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Wan Mohammad, Deirdre A. Collins, Min Tze Liong, Toshitaka Odamaki, Jinzhong Xiao and Yeong Yeh Lee