The serious human pathogen, E. coli serotype O157:H7, continues to gain antibiotic resistance, posing a public health threat. While this serotype’s genome has been sequenced, the role of 25% of its genes remains ...
Authors: Salma H. Hussein, Reham Samir, Ramy K. Aziz and Mohamed A. Toama
Campylobacter jejuni is a major food-borne pathogen and a worldwide health threat. Utilizing different virulence factors, C. jejuni invades the host’s intestinal epithelial cell layer. One important factor in thi...
Metagenomic methods have been widely applied to study the relationship between gut microbiota and human health. To test whether metagenomic amplicon sequencing could be an effective method to diagnose and trac...
Cryptosporidium is an important gut microbe whose contributions towards infant and immunocompromise patient mortality rates are steadily increasing. Over the last decade, we have seen the development of various t...
Authors: Christopher N. Miller, Charalampos G. Panagos, William R. T. Mosedale, Martin Kváč, Mark J. Howard and Anastasios D. Tsaousis
In Asia, serotype K1/K2 Klebsiella pneumoniae are the major capsular serotypes that cause liver abscess or bacteremia in patients. The purpose of this study was to compare novel immunochromatographic strips (ICSs...
Authors: Ching-Hsun Wang, Po-Liang Lu, Esther Yip-Mei Liu, Yih-Yuan Chen, Fu-Mei Lin, Yi-Tsung Lin, Feng-Yee Chang and Jung-Chung Lin
Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) are facultative pathogens that are part of the normal human intestinal flora. The ExPEC group includes uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC), ...
Authors: Jolanta Sarowska, Bozena Futoma-Koloch, Agnieszka Jama-Kmiecik, Magdalena Frej-Madrzak, Marta Ksiazczyk, Gabriela Bugla-Ploskonska and Irena Choroszy-Krol
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a common cause of bacterial infection that leads to diarrhea. Although some studies have proposed a potential association between the toxic profile and genetic backgroun...
Authors: Si-yun Chung, Taesoo Kwon, Young-Seok Bak, Joung Je Park, Cheorl-Ho Kim, Seung-Hak Cho and Won Kim
The relationship between disturbances of the gut microbiota and 1,25(OH)2D3 deficiency has been established both in humans and animal models with a vitamin D poor diet or a lack of sun exposure. Our prior study h...
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium which mainly causes peptic ulcer disease in human, but is also the predominant cause of stomach cancer. It has been coevolving with human since 120,000 years and, ...
Authors: Binit Lamichhane, Eng-Guan Chua, Michael J. Wise, Connor Laming, Barry J. Marshall and Chin-Yen Tay
Blastocystis subtype 3 is an intestinal protist present in humans throughout the world with a controversial pathogenic potential. It has been suggested that probiotic bacteria inhibit the multiplication of gut pr...
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa in humans. One of the main virulence factors of H. pylori is the cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI), which encodes a type 4-secret...
Authors: Adolfo Román-Román, Verónica I. Martínez-Santos, Carlos A. Castañón-Sánchez, Alan J. Albañil-Muñoz, Paola González-Mendoza, Diana G. Soto-Flores, Dinorah N. Martínez-Carrillo and Gloria Fernández-Tilapa
Campylobacter jejuni secretes HtrA (high temperature requirement protein A), a serine protease that is involved in virulence. Here, we investigated the interaction of HtrA with the host protein occludin, a tight ...
Authors: Aileen Harrer, Roland Bücker, Manja Boehm, Urszula Zarzecka, Nicole Tegtmeyer, Heinrich Sticht, Jörg D. Schulzke and Steffen Backert
Enterobacter hormaechei is an important emerging pathogen and a key member of the highly diverse Enterobacter cloacae complex. E. hormaechei strains can persist and spread in nosocomial environments, and often ex...
Authors: Leigh G. Monahan, Matthew Z. DeMaere, Max L. Cummins, Steven P. Djordjevic, Piklu Roy Chowdhury and Aaron E. Darling
The emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from human and animal sources is a public health concern as this antibiotic is considered to be the last line therapeutic option for infections caused by ...
Authors: Zeinab Pishnian, Mehri Haeili and Adel Feizi
The onset of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranked fifth malignancies all over the world. Increasing evidences showed that the distribution of HCC was related to the incidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV...
Authors: Qisha Liu, Fan Li, Yaoyao Zhuang, Jian Xu, Jianwei Wang, Xuhua Mao, Yewei Zhang and Xingyin Liu
Salmonella enterica serotype Heidelberg is primarily a poultry adapted serotype of Salmonella that can also colonize other hosts and cause human disease. In this study, we compared the genomes of outbreak associa...
Authors: Linto Antony, Melissa Behr, Donald Sockett, Dale Miskimins, Nicole Aulik, Jane Christopher-Hennings, Eric Nelson, Marc W. Allard and Joy Scaria
Antibiotic resistance is by far one of the most important health threats of our time. Only a global concerted effort of several disciplines based on the One-Health concept will help in slowing down this proces...
Authors: Esther-Maria Antão, Szilvia Vincze, Regina Hanke, Lukas Klimmek, Katarzyna Suchecka, Antina Lübke-Becker and Lothar H. Wieler
Several pathogens have been debated to play a role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including Crohn’s disease (CD). None of these pathogens have been investigated together in same clinical samples. We devel...
Authors: Robert C. Sharp, Ebraheem S. Naser, Karel P. Alcedo, Ahmad Qasem, Latifa S. Abdelli and Saleh A. Naser
The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in the maintenance of gut homeostasis. Changes in crosstalk between the intestinal epithelial cells, immune cells and the microbiota are critically involved in th...
The role of microbiota in Crohn’s disease (CD) is increasingly recognized. However, most of the reports are from Western populations. Considering the possible variation from other populations, the aim of this ...
Authors: Mohammad I. El Mouzan, Harland S. Winter, Assad A. Assiri, Kirill S. Korolev, Ahmad A. Al Sarkhy, Scot E. Dowd, Mohammad A. Al Mofarreh and Rajita Menon
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a causative agent of gastroenteritis. Most of the clinical isolates carry either tdh and/or trh genes which are considered as the major virulence genes of this pathogen. In this study, ...
Shigella spp. are Gram-negative intracellular pathogenic bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae and can cause bacterial dysentery, a severe diarrheal disease. The pathophysiological impact of the Gra...
Authors: Laura Deutsch-Nagy, Péter Urbán, Zsuzsanna Tóth, Zoltán Bihari, Béla Kocsis, Csaba Fekete and Ferenc Kilár
As part of the effort to develop an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) human challenge model for testing new heat-stable toxin (ST)-based vaccine candidates, a controlled human infection model study based on...
Authors: Oda Barth Vedøy, Kurt Hanevik, Sunniva Todnem Sakkestad, Halvor Sommerfelt and Hans Steinsland
Cyclospora cayetanensis is a food-borne intestinal human parasite that causes outbreaks of diarrhea. There is a need for efficient laboratory methods for strain-level characterization to assist in outbreak invest...
Authors: Yvonne Qvarnstrom, Yuping Wei-Pridgeon, Erik Van Roey, Subin Park, Ganesh Srinivasamoorthy, Fernanda S. Nascimento, Delynn M. Moss, Eldin Talundzic and Michael J. Arrowood
Reduced intestinal microbial diversity and bacterial imbalance (dysbiosis) are seen in studies of Crohn’s disease. As it is difficult to obtain biopsy samples before disease presentation, the earliest mucosal ...
Authors: Claire L. O’Brien, Christopher J. Kiely and Paul Pavli
In the current study, nine foodborne “Locus of Enterocyte Effacement” (LEE)-negative Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains were selected for whole genome sequencing and analysis for yet unknown ge...
Authors: Nadja Saile, Elisabeth Schuh, Torsten Semmler, Inga Eichhorn, Lothar H. Wieler, Andreas Bauwens and Herbert Schmidt
Members of the species Kocuria rhizophila, belonging to the family Micrococcaceae in the phylum Actinobacteria, have been isolated from a wide variety of natural sources, such as soil, freshwater, fish gut, and c...
Authors: Tae Woong Whon, Hyun Sik Kim and Jin-Woo Bae
There are a number of reports indicating correlation between outbreaks of campylobacteriosis and the consumption of raw vegetables. This study is a meta-analysis on the prevalence of Campylobacter in fresh vegeta...
Food products of animal origin brought into the EU from third countries, both legally and illegally, can harbor foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella enterica. In this study, we examined five S. enterica isolate...
Authors: Anja Müller, Wiebke Jansen, Nils Th. Grabowski and Corinna Kehrenberg
Poultry remains one of the most important reservoir for zoonotic multidrug resistant pathogens. The global rise of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is of reasonable concern and demands intens...
Authors: Amira A. Moawad, Helmut Hotzel, Heinrich Neubauer, Ralf Ehricht, Stefan Monecke, Herbert Tomaso, Hafez M. Hafez, Uwe Roesler and Hosny El-Adawy
Shewanella algae has been recognized as an emerging human pathogen. However, not much is known about the mechanism of its pathogenesis and its adaptation to a special niche such as the hepatobiliary tract.
Authors: Shu-Ying Tseng, Kwong-Chung Tung, Jan-Fang Cheng, Yi-Hsuan Lee, Zong-Yen Wu, Yu-Kai Hong, Shi-Yu Chen, Yao-Ting Huang and Po-Yu Liu
Culture-based diagnostic methods cannot achieve rapid and precise diagnoses for the identification of multiple diarrhoeal pathogens (DPs). A high-throughput multiplex genetic detection system (HMGS) was adapte...
Authors: Shiwen Wang, Feng Yang, Dong Li, Juanxiu Qin, Weiwei Hou, Lian Jiang, Mimi Kong, Yong Wu, Yuchen Zhang, Fuju Zhao, Yi Fang, Yingxin Miao, Lingli Xu, Jie Chen, Zhijun Bao, Michal A. Olszewski…
Phylogenetic analysis of norovirus (NoV) is efficient for tracking NoV transmission. To determine the widespread NoV strains in Seoul, we conducted an extensive phylogenetic characterization of NoV-positives f...
Authors: Young Eun Kim, Miok Song, Jaein Lee, Hyun Jung Seung, Eun-Young Kwon, Jinkyung Yu, Youngok Hwang, Taeho Yoon, Tae Jun Park and In Kyoung Lim
Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is one of the most important etiological agents of diarrheal diseases. In this study we investigated the prevalence, virulence gene profiles, antimicrobial resistance, and mol...
Authors: Dan Li, Min Shen, Ying Xu, Chao Liu, Wen Wang, Jinyan Wu, Xianmei Luo, Xu Jia and Yongxin Ma
Salmonella enterica, serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis), an important zoonotic foodborne pathogen, can affect the microbiota of the chicken intestine and cause many enteric diseases, such as acute gastroenterit...
Authors: Liying Liu, Lili Lin, Linna Zheng, Hui Tang, Xinzhong Fan, Nianguo Xue, Min Li, Min Liu and Xianyao Li
Both typhoidal and non-typhoidal Salmonella infections remain a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality globally, and impose a major socio-economic burden worldwide. A key property of all pathogenic Salmone...
Authors: Vikash Singh, Peter Schwerk and Karsten Tedin
Enterococci are commensal bacteria in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract which play an important role in the production of various fermented foods. Thus, certain enterococcal strains are commonly used as probio...
Authors: Bailiang Li, Smith Etareri Evivie, Da Jin, Yueyue Meng, Na Li, Fenfen Yan, Guicheng Huo and Fei Liu
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most prevalent pathogens and a causative agent of a variety of infections in humans and animals. A total of 640 samples were collected from healthy animals and patients from 20...
Authors: Baoguang Liu, Huarun Sun, Yushan Pan, Yajun Zhai, Tian Cai, Xiaoling Yuan, Yanling Gao, Dandan He, Jianhua Liu, Li Yuan and Gongzheng Hu
Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) infections caused primarily by S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium particularly in immunocompromised hosts have accounted for a large percentage of fatalities in developed nations. An...
Authors: Shilpa Ray, Susmita Das, Pritam Kumar Panda and Mrutyunjay Suar
Over the years, genetic profiling of the gut microbiome of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) using genome sequencing has suggested over-representation of several bacterial taxa. However, little is known ab...
Authors: Siok-Fong Chin, Putri Intan Hafizah Megat Mohd Azlan, Luqman Mazlan and Hui-min Neoh
Gut colonization with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is associated with poor outcomes. This study evaluated the impact of VRE colonization on subsequent acquisition of enteric pathogens.
Authors: Jordan E. Axelrad, Benjamin Lebwohl, Edward Cuaresma, Ken Cadwell, Peter H. R. Green and Daniel E. Freedberg
Rotaviruses are the major causes of pediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. The genotypic distribution of rotavirus strains shows temporal and geographical fluctuations, and knowledge of the molecular epidemiolog...
Authors: Su-Kyung Lee, Seoheui Choi, Seon-Hee Shin, Eun Jin Lee, Jungwon Hyun, Jae-Seok Kim and Hyun Soo Kim
The intestinal mucous layer is a physical barrier that limits the contact between bacteria and host epithelial cells. There is growing evidence that microbiota-produced metabolites can also be specifically sen...
Authors: Jean-Félix Sicard, Philippe Vogeleer, Guillaume Le Bihan, Yaindrys Rodriguez Olivera, Francis Beaudry, Mario Jacques and Josée Harel
Tigecycline is an ‘immature’ antibiotic for children. We report the youngest surviving patient who received a complete tigecycline treatment, and no significant adverse effects occurred in the patient.
Authors: Cheng Peng, Xiaofeng Wang, Jiangwei Zhang, Yi Jiang and Xinlin Hou
Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)-producing extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli infections are of global interest because of their clinical and economic impact. The ESBL resistance genes disseminate...
Authors: Amit Ranjan, Julia Scholz, Torsten Semmler, Lothar H. Wieler, Christa Ewers, Stefanie Müller, Derek J. Pickard, Peter Schierack, Karsten Tedin, Niyaz Ahmed, Katharina Schaufler and Sebastian Guenther
Adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) are suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. Since AIEC was first described in 1999, despite important progress on its genomic and imm...
Authors: Oumaïra Rahmouni, Cécile Vignal, Marie Titécat, Benoît Foligné, Benjamin Pariente, Laurent Dubuquoy, Pierre Desreumaux and Christel Neut
Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) is a large-vessel vasculitis pathologically characterized by granulomatous necrotizing vasculitis with giant cells. Although the cause of TA is still unclear, genetic factors as well ...
Along with the intensive development of methods of livestock breeding, breeders’ expectations are growing concerning feed additives that would guarantee such results as accelerating growth rate, protection of ...
Authors: Paulina Markowiak and Katarzyna Śliżewska
Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Saintpaul (S. Saintpaul) is an important gut pathogen which causes salmonellosis worldwide. Although intestinal salmonellosis is usually self-limiting, it can be li...
Authors: Yichen Ding, Ye Htut Zwe, Seow Fong Chin, Gurjeet S. Kohli, Daniela I. Drautz-Moses, Michael Givskov, Jorgen Schlundt, Stephan C. Schuster, Hyun-Gyun Yuk and Liang Yang
Helicobacter fennelliae (H. fennelliae) is associated with human gastroenteritis; however, H. fennelliae was isolated and confirmed by phenotypic and genotypic identification from a non-diarrheal child stool samp...
Authors: Supaporn Ruksasiri, Woradee Lurchachaiwong, Patcharawalai Wassanarungroj, Oralak Serichantalergs, Chiek Sivhour, Nou Samon, Sovann Ly, Lon Chanthap, Ladaporn Bodhidatta and John Crawford
