Articles

Genome sequence of a commensal bacterium, Enterococcus faecalis CBA7120, isolated from a Korean fecal sample

Enterococcus faecalis, the type strain of the genus Enterococcus, is not only a commensal bacterium in the gastrointestinal tract in vertebrates and invertebrates, but also causes seri...

Authors: Joon Yong Kim, Hye Seon Song, Yeon Bee Kim, Joseph Kwon, Jong-Soon Choi, Yong-Joon Cho, Byung-Yong Kim, Jin-Kyu Rhee, Jinjong Myoung, Young-Do Nam and Seong Woon Roh

Interferon-γ promotes gastric lymphoid follicle formation but not gastritis in Helicobacter-infected BALB/c mice

Mouse infection studies have shown that interferon-γ (IFN-γ), a T helper 1 (Th1) cytokine, is required for the development of severe pathology induced by chronic Helicobacter infection. This finding is largely ba...

Authors: Michelle Chonwerawong, Patrick Avé, Michel Huerre and Richard L. Ferrero

Effect of antibiotic pre-treatment and pathogen challenge on the intestinal microbiota in mice

More than 50 years after the discovery of antibiotics, bacterial infections have decreased substantially; however, antibiotics also may have negative effects such as increasing susceptibility to pathogens. An ...

Authors: Tadasu Iizumi, Takako Taniguchi, Wataru Yamazaki, Geraldine Vilmen, Alexander V. Alekseyenko, Zhan Gao, Guillermo I. Perez Perez and Martin J. Blaser

Complete genome of Vibrio parahaemolyticus FORC014 isolated from the toothfish

Foodborne illness can occur due to various pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and can cause severe gastroenteritis symptoms. In this study, we complet...

Authors: Sojin Ahn, Han Young Chung, Sooyeon Lim, Kwondo Kim, Suyeon Kim, Eun Jung Na, Kelsey Caetano-Anolles, Ju-Hoon Lee, Sangryeol Ryu, Sang Ho Choi and Heebal Kim

Case–control study of diarrheal disease etiology in individuals over 5 years in southwest China

Acute diarrhea is one of the major public health problems worldwide. Most of studies on acute diarrhea have been made on infants aged below 5 years and few efforts have been made to identify the etiological ag...

Authors: Shun-Xian Zhang, Chun-Li Yang, Wen-Peng Gu, Lin Ai, Emmanuel Serrano, Pin Yang, Xia Zhou, Shi-Zhu Li, Shan Lv, Zhi-Sheng Dang, Jun-Hu Chen, Wei Hu, Li-Guang Tian, Jia-Xu Chen and Xiao-Nong Zhou

Whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of Escherichia coli O91 strains isolated from symptomatic and asymptomatic human carriers

The Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O91:H21 strains NCCP15736 and NCCP15737 were isolated during a single outbreak in Korea, NCCP15736 from a symptomatic carrier and NCCP15737 from an asymptomatic c...

Authors: Taesoo Kwon, Young-Seok Bak, Young-Hee Jung, Young-Bin Yu, Jong Tae Choi, Cheorl-Ho Kim, Jung-Beom Kim, Won Kim and Seung-Hak Cho

Differences in host breed and diet influence colonization by Campylobacter jejuni and induction of local immune responses in chicken

Chickens are regarded as the main reservoir for human campylobacteriosis. Little is known about the interaction between Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) and chickens. This interaction may be influenced by the sta...

Authors: Zifeng Han, Thomas Willer, Colin Pielsticker, Lenka Gerzova, Ivan Rychlik and Silke Rautenschlein

Genome sequencing, assembly, annotation and analysis of Staphylococcus xylosus strain DMB3-Bh1 reveals genes responsible for pathogenicity

Staphylococcus xylosus is coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), found occasionally on the skin of humans but recurrently on other mammals. Recent reports suggest that this commensal ...

Authors: Gurwinder Kaur, Amit Arora, Sathyaseelan Sathyabama, Nida Mubin, Sheenam Verma, Shanmugam Mayilraj and Javed N. Agrewala

Differences in amino acid frequency in CagA and VacA sequences of Helicobacter pylori distinguish gastric cancer from gastric MALT lymphoma

Helicobacter pylori is a pathogenic bacterium that causes various gastrointestinal diseases. The most common gastric malignancies associated with H. pylori are gastric cancer and lymph...

Authors: Masahiko Hashinaga, Rumiko Suzuki, Junko Akada, Takashi Matsumoto, Yasutoshi Kido, Tadayoshi Okimoto, Masaaki Kodama, Kazunari Murakami and Yoshio Yamaoka

Viral metagenomics of fecal samples from non-human primates revealed human astrovirus in a chimpanzee, China

Human astroviruses (HAstVs) are commonly identified worldwide as important aetiological agents of acute gastroenteritis in all age groups. More and more evidences challenged the paradigm that AstV infections a...

Authors: Xiaochun Wang, Jinxin Wang, Chenglin Zhou, Shixing Yang, Quan Shen, Wen Zhang and Dunwu Qi

Genome analysis revealed novel genotypes and recombination of the human parechoviruses prevalent in children in Eastern China

Human parechovirus (HPeV) is a genus of virus in the family Picornaviridae, having two species A and B. HPeVs are common infectious agents, usually causing mild diarrhea and respiratory disease in young children.

Authors: Xiangyang Zhao, Yongqiang Shi and Yu Xia

Modeling human enteric dysbiosis and rotavirus immunity in gnotobiotic pigs

Rotavirus vaccines have poor efficacy in infants from low- and middle-income countries. Gut microbiota is thought to influence the immune response to oral vaccines. Thus, we developed a gnotobiotic (Gn) pig mo...

Authors: Erica L. Twitchell, Christine Tin, Ke Wen, Husen Zhang, Sylvia Becker-Dreps, M. Andrea Azcarate-Peril, Samuel Vilchez, Guohua Li, Ashwin Ramesh, Mariah Weiss, Shaohua Lei, Tammy Bui, Xingdong Yang, Stacey Schultz-Cherry and Lijuan Yuan

Use of molecular typing to investigate bacterial translocation from the intestinal tract of chlorpyrifos-exposed rats

Human are confronted on a daily basis with contaminant pesticide residues in food, water and other components of the environment. Although the digestive system is the first organ to come into contact with food...

Authors: Claire Joly Condette, Bertin Elion Dzon, Farida Hamdad, Maurice Biendo, Véronique Bach and Hafida Khorsi-Cauet

The novel norovirus genotype GII.17 is the predominant strain in diarrheal patients in Shanghai, China

In the winter of 2014–2015, a novel norovirus (NoV) strain (GII.17) was reported to be the major cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks in East Asia. To determine the time course of gastroenteritis infections asso...

Authors: Lifeng Pan, Caoyi Xue, Huiqin Fu, Dan Liu, Linying Zhu, Chang Cui, Weiping Zhu, Yifei Fu and Sun Qiao

Molecular epidemiology, virulence determinants and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spreading in retail chicken meat in Central China

Campylobacter species are the major food-borne pathogens which could cause bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. Contaminated chicken products have been recognized as the primary vehicl...

Authors: Tengfei Zhang, Qingping Luo, Yiluo Chen, Tingting Li, Guoyuan Wen, Rongrong Zhang, Ling Luo, Qin Lu, Diyun Ai, Hongcai Wang and Huabin Shao

Whole genome sequencing uncovers a novel IND-16 metallo-β-lactamase from an extensively drug-resistant Chryseobacterium indologenes strain J31

Chryseobacterium indologenes is an emerging opportunistic pathogen in hospital-acquired infection, which is intrinsically resistant to most antimicrobial agents against gram-negative b...

Authors: Tingting Wang, Xiawei Jiang, Chunyan Feng, Ang Li, Huihui Dong, Shaoqiang Wu and Beiwen Zheng

The emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess in non-diabetic patients and the distribution of capsular types

Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common pathogen of community-acquired pyogenic liver abscess in East Asia. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-established risk factor for K. pneumoniae ...

Authors: Chien Chuang, Wen-Chien Fan, Yi-Tsung Lin and Fu-Der Wang

A single capsule formulation of RHB-104 demonstrates higher anti-microbial growth potency for effective treatment of Crohn’s disease associated with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis

Most recently we reported that RHB‑104 triple antibiotics combination in culture is bactericidal and should be effective for treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD)-associated with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratu...

Authors: Ahmad Qasem, Mitra Safavikhasraghi and Saleh A. Naser

Multilocus sequence typing of Campylobacter concisus from Danish diarrheic patients

The emerging enteric pathogen Campylobacter concisus is associated with prolonged diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease. Previous studies have shown that C. concisus strains are very genetically diverse. Nevert...

Authors: Hans Linde Nielsen, Henrik Nielsen and Mia Torpdahl

Zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in Campylobacter species

We previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (Zot) encoded by Campylobacter concisus zot ^808T gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. This Zot protein caused ...

Authors: Fang Liu, Hoyul Lee, Ruiting Lan and Li Zhang

Gut microbiome alterations in patients with stage 4 hepatitis C

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes debilitating liver diseases, which may progress to cirrhosis and cancer, and claims 500,000 annual lives worldwide. While HCV epidemiology, pathophysiology, and therapy are being...

Authors: AbdelRahman Mahmoud Aly, AbdelReheem Adel, Ahmed Osama El-Gendy, Tamer M. Essam and Ramy K. Aziz

Does antibiotic resistance impair plasma susceptibility of multi-drug resistant clinical isolates of enterococci in vitro?

Cold atmospheric plasma could constitute an alternative against multi-drug resistant pathogens. Susceptibility of enterococci to cold atmospheric plasma was investigated in vitro.

Authors: Matthias Napp, Sebastian von Podewils, Ingo Klare, Hermann Haase, Richard Kasch, Denis Gümbel, Axel Ekkernkamp, Michael Jünger and Georg Daeschlein

Antimicrobial resistance and integron gene cassette arrays in commensal Escherichia coli from human and animal sources in IRI

The human and animal intestinal tract harbors a complex community of microbes which enables bacteria to inherit antibiotic resistance genes. The aims of this study were to investigate clonality, antimicrobial ...

Authors: Roohollah Kheiri and Leili Akhtari

Antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter isolates from small scale and backyard chicken in Kenya

Thermophilic Campylobacter species are a major cause of bacterial foodborne diarrhoea in humans worldwide. Poultry and their products are the predominant source for human campylobacteriosis. Resistance of Campylo...

Authors: Tuan Ngoc Minh Nguyen, Helmut Hotzel, John Njeru, Joyce Mwituria, Hosny El-Adawy, Herbert Tomaso, Heinrich Neubauer and Hafez M. Hafez

Erratum to: Genome sequencing, annotation and comparative genomic analysis of Shigella dysenteriae strain SD1D

Authors: Gurwinder Kaur, Sathyaseelan Sathyabama, Amit Arora, Sheenam Verma, Nida Mubin, Javed N. Agrewala and Shanmugam Mayilraj

Genome sequence of OXA-23 producing Acinetobacter baumannii IHIT7853, a carbapenem-resistant strain from a cat belonging to international clone IC1

Multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii has dramatically increased in recent years worldwide. Thus, last-line antibiotics like carbapenems are increasingly being used which in turn further augments select...

Authors: Christa Ewers, Peter Klotz, Sandra Scheufen, Ursula Leidner, Stephan Göttig and Torsten Semmler

Dysfunctional gut microbiota and relative co-abundance network in infantile eczema

Infantile eczema is an immunological disease that is characterized by itchy and dry skin. Recent studies have suggested that gut microbiota (GM) plays a role in the development and progression of eczema. To fu...

Authors: Heping Wang, Yinhu Li, Xin Feng, Yufeng Li, Wenjian Wang, Chuangzhao Qiu, Jianqiang Xu, Zhenyu Yang, Zhichuan Li, Qian Zhou, Kaihu Yao, Hongmei Wang, Yuzheng Li, Dongfang Li, Wenkui Dai and Yuejie Zheng

Erratum to: The Salmonella pathogenicity island 13 contributes to pathogenesis in streptomycin pre-treated mice but not in day-old chickens

Authors: Jacob R. Elder, Kim Lam Chiok, Narayan C. Paul, Gary Haldorson, Jean Guard and Devendra H. Shah

Comparative genomic analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae KP617 and PittNDM01, NUHL24835, and ATCC BAA-2146 reveals unique evolutionary history of this strain

Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae KP617 is a pathogenic strain that coproduces OXA-232 and NDM-1 carbapenemases. We sequenced the genome of KP617, which was isolated from the wou...

Authors: Taesoo Kwon, Young-Hee Jung, Sanghyun Lee, Mi-ran Yun, Won Kim and Dae-Won Kim

The IL-23/IL-22/IL-18 axis in murine Campylobacter jejuni infection

Human Campylobacter jejuni infections are worldwide on the rise. Information about the distinct molecular mechanisms underlying campylobacteriosis, however, are scarce. In the present study we investigated whethe...

Authors: Markus M. Heimesaat, Ursula Grundmann, Marie E. Alutis, André Fischer, Ulf B. Göbel and Stefan Bereswill

Bacteriophage infections of microbiota can lead to leaky gut in an experimental rodent model

Increased intestinal permeability and translocation of gut microbiota from the intestinal lumen to the systemic circulation predispose patients to various diseases and may be one of the main triggers thereof. ...

Authors: George Tetz and Victor Tetz

Complete genome sequence of Vibrio vulnificus FORC_017 isolated from a patient with a hemorrhagic rash after consuming raw dotted gizzard shad

Vibrio vulnificus, a resident in the human gut, is frequently found in seafood, causing food-borne illnesses including gastroenteritis and severe septicemia. While V. vulnificus has be...

Authors: Han Young Chung, You-Tae Kim, Suyeon Kim, Eun Jung Na, Hye-Jin Ku, Keun Hwa Lee, Sang Taek Heo, Sangryeol Ryu, Heebal Kim, Sang Ho Choi and Ju-Hoon Lee

RHB-104 triple antibiotics combination in culture is bactericidal and should be effective for treatment of Crohn’s disease associated with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) has been implicated as an etiological agent of Crohn’s disease (CD), a debilitating chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Clarithrom...

Authors: Karel P. Alcedo, Saisathya Thanigachalam and Saleh A. Naser

Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens isolated from childhood diarrhea in Beijing, China (2010–2014)

Diarrhea is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among children less than 5 years of age worldwide, and its causes vary by region. This study aimed to determine the etiologic spectrum, prevalent c...

Authors: Mei Qu, Bing Lv, Xin Zhang, Hanqiu Yan, Ying Huang, Haikun Qian, Bo Pang, Lei Jia, Biao Kan and Quanyi Wang

Duck gut viral metagenome analysis captures snapshot of viral diversity

Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) an economically important waterfowl for meat, eggs and feathers; is also a natural reservoir for influenza A viruses. The emergence of novel viruses is attributed to the status of co-ex...

Authors: Mohammed Fawaz, Periyasamy Vijayakumar, Anamika Mishra, Pradeep N. Gandhale, Rupam Dutta, Nitin M. Kamble, Shashi B. Sudhakar, Parimal Roychoudhary, Himanshu Kumar, Diwakar D. Kulkarni and Ashwin Ashok Raut

Calcium binding protects E-cadherin from cleavage by Helicobacter pylori HtrA

The cell adhesion and tumor suppressor protein E-cadherin is an important factor in the establishment and maintenance of epithelial integrity. E-cadherin is a single transmembrane protein, which consists of an...

Authors: Thomas P. Schmidt, Camilla Goetz, Markus Huemer, Gisbert Schneider and Silja Wessler

Prevalence, genotyping and risk factors of thermophilic Campylobacter spreading in organic turkey farms in Germany

The need for organic food of animal origin has increased rapidly in recent years. However, effects of organic animal husbandry on food safety have not been rigorously tested especially in meat turkey flocks. T...

Authors: Marwa Fawzy El Metwaly Ahmed, Hosny El-Adawy, Helmut Hotzel, Herbert Tomaso, Heinrich Neubauer, Nicole Kemper, Joerg Hartung and Hafez Mohamed Hafez

The efficacy of thuricin CD, tigecycline, vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampicin and nitazoxanide, independently and in paired combinations against Clostridium difficile biofilms and planktonic cells

Thuricin CD is a two-component antimicrobial, belonging to the recently designated sactibiotic subclass of bacteriocins. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of thuricin CD, as well as the anti...

Authors: Harsh Mathur, Mary C. Rea, Paul D. Cotter, Colin Hill and R. Paul Ross

Optimized cultivation of Campylobacter concisus from gut mucosal biopsies in inflammatory bowel disease

Campylobacter concisus is a commensal of the human oral flora that has been linked to prolonged diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It has been detected more often from inte...

Authors: Karina Frahm Kirk, Hans Linde Nielsen, Ole Thorlacius-Ussing and Henrik Nielsen

Serotype epidemiology and multidrug resistance patterns of Salmonella enterica infecting humans in Italy

Salmonella enterica is the zoonotic agent most frequently responsible for foodborne infections in humans worldwide. In this work the presence of S. enterica was investigated in 734 uni...

Authors: Ilaria Frasson, Sabrina Bettanello, Ettore De Canale, Sara N. Richter and Giorgio Palù

Analysis of cultivable microbiota and diet intake pattern of the long-lived naked mole-rat

A variety of microbial communities exist throughout the human and animal body. Genetics, environmental factors and long-term dietary habit contribute to shaping the composition of the gut microbiota. For this ...

Authors: Tewodros Debebe, Susanne Holtze, Michaela Morhart, Thomas Bernd Hildebrandt, Steffen Rodewald, Klaus Huse, Matthias Platzer, Dereje Wyohannes, Salomon Yirga, Alemayehu Lemma, Rene Thieme, Brigitte König and Gerd Birkenmeier

Inherent bacterial DNA contamination of extraction and sequencing reagents may affect interpretation of microbiota in low bacterial biomass samples

The advent and use of highly sensitive molecular biology techniques to explore the microbiota and microbiome in environmental and tissue samples have detected the presence of contaminating microbial DNA within...

Authors: Angela Glassing, Scot E. Dowd, Susan Galandiuk, Brian Davis and Rodrick J. Chiodini

Host, pathogen and environment: a bacterial gbpA gene expression study in response to magnesium environment and presence of prawn carapace and commercial chitin

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative halophilic bacterium which is found largely in estuarine and coastal waters. The bacteria has been a main focus in gastro-intestinal infectio...

Authors: Suma Tiruvayipati and Subha Bhassu

Examination of the effects of Campylobacter concisus zonula occludens toxin on intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages

Campylobacter concisus is a Gram-negative bacterium that is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Some C. concisus strains carry zonula occludens toxin (zot) gene which has...

Authors: Vikneswari Mahendran, Fang Liu, Stephen M. Riordan, Michael C. Grimm, Mark M. Tanaka and Li Zhang

Genotyping and antibiotic resistance of thermophilic Campylobacter isolated from chicken and pig meat in Vietnam

Campylobacter species are recognized as the most common cause of foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. In this study nine Campylobacter strains isolated from chicken meat and ...

Authors: Tuan Ngoc Minh Nguyen, Helmut Hotzel, Hosny El-Adawy, Hanh Thi Tran, Minh Thi Hong Le, Herbert Tomaso, Heinrich Neubauer and Hafez Mohamed Hafez

Global investigation of composition and interaction networks in gut microbiomes of individuals belonging to diverse geographies and age-groups

Factors like ethnicity, diet and age of an individual have been hypothesized to play a role in determining the makeup of gut microbiome. In order to investigate the gut microbiome structure as well as the inte...

Authors: Deepak Yadav, Tarini Shankar Ghosh and Sharmila S. Mande

The Salmonella pathogenicity island 13 contributes to pathogenesis in streptomycin pre-treated mice but not in day-old chickens

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is a human and animal pathogen that causes gastroenteritis characterized by inflammatory diarrhea and occasionally an invasive ...

Authors: Jacob R. Elder, Kim Lam Chiok, Narayan C. Paul, Gary Haldorson, Jean Guard and Devendra H. Shah

Host, pathogen and the environment: the case of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and magnesium

Macrobrachium rosenbergii is well-known as the giant freshwater prawn, and is a commercially significant source of seafood. Its production can be affected by various bacterial contaminati...

Authors: Suma Tiruvayipati and Subha Bhassu

Draft genome sequence of non-shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 NCCP15738

The non-shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (non-STEC) O157 is a pathogenic strain that cause diarrhea but does not cause hemolytic-uremic syndrome, or hemorrhagic colitis. Here, we present the 5-Mb draft geno...

Authors: Taesoo Kwon, Jung-Beom Kim, Young-Seok Bak, Young-Bin Yu, Ki Sung Kwon, Won Kim and Seung-Hak Cho

Genotyping of Salmonella Typhi using 8-loci multi locus VNTR analysis

Typhoid fever has caused severe epidemics in many Asian and African countries. The early detection of outbreaks and their sources may promote the prevention and control of typhoid fever, for which effective an...

Authors: Hongxia Wang, Baowei Diao, Zhigang Cui, Meiying Yan and Biao Kan